Plant Vascular System and Transpiration

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Plant Vascular SystemandTranspiration
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Plant Vascular System
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Plant Vascular System Function

• The plant vascular system takes water and
  nutrients from the ground, through the root
  system, and up into the leaves, flower petals and
  fruits.

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Plant Vascular System

• Xylem vascular tissue in plants that carries
  water upward from the roots to every part of a
  plant. The presence of xylem allows a gardener to
  only have to water the soil around a plant, not
  the actual plant leaves.

Since Xylem carries water, water flow can act as
a skeletal system providing the plant support
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Plant Vascular System

• Phloem- Phloem has a similar function to the
  xylem, except that phloem moves nutrients
  throughout the plant instead of water.
• Transports carbohydrates made during
  photosynthesis.
• Nutrients required by plants
• Macronutrients
• Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium
• Micronutrients
• Chlorine
• Iron
• Manganese

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• Transpiration

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Transpiration

• Transpiration loss of water from a plant
  through its leaves.

• 1. water enters the root.
• moves up the
• vascular tissue (xylem).
• enters the leaves.
• exits the leaves
• by way of the stomata.
• evaporates into the atmosphere.

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Transpiration

• The movement is caused by the combination of root
  pressure and capillary action which provides
  enough force to move water through the xylem
  tissue of even the tallest plant.

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Transpiration
Roots are responsible to bringing the water into
the plant.
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Because roots grow in soil, scientists must
find unique methods to study them. This clover
root is growing in agar so it can be observed.
Transpiration
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TranspirationVocabulary

• Stoma (stomata) opening in the underside of a
  leaf that allows CO2 and O2 to diffuse into and
  out of the leaf.

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TranspirationVocabulary

• Guard Cells - cells surrounding each stoma. They
  help to regulate the rate of transpiration by
  opening and closing the stomata. (Remember
  hypotonic and hypertonic vocab.)

• Stomatal Closing
• Potassium ions move out of the vacuole and out of
  the cells.
• Water moves out of the vacuoles, following the
  potassium ions.
• The guard cells shrink in size.
• The stoma closes.
• Stomatal opening
• 1. Potassium ions move into the vacuoles.
• 2. Water moves into the vacuoles, following
  potassium ions.
• The guard cells expand.
• The stoma opens.

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Transpiration
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Transpiration

• True or False??
• Animals respire, plants do not.

False! Plants have mitochondria too. Plants
take in H2O from the roots and CO2 from the
leaves to make O2. The mitochondria in the plant
then converts the O2 and C6H12O6 into the energy
(ATPs) the plant needs in order to grow and
perform biological processes.
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Transpiration

• Pearson Lab Bench Activity
• http//www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/labb
  ench/lab9/intro.html
• Videos
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vtRNe_UHw7F4feature
  related
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vmc9gUm1mMzc
• Informative video
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vfNtFwQ4NpDg