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System response, Feedback system

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Title: System response, Feedback system & PID Tuning Author: Natty Last modified by: ie Created Date: 1/23/2006 4:00:57 AM Document presentation format – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: System response, Feedback system


1
System response, Feedback system PID Tuning
  • ???
  • ?. ???? ????????????

2
Outline
  • Transfer function
  • System response
  • Bode Diagram
  • Design of Feedback system
  • Classical PID Controller

3
??????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????? exponential
    ??????????????????????????
  • ???????????????????? ?????????????????????????????
  • ???????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????
  • ?????? s ????????????????? s

4
??????????????
  • ???????????? ??? s
  • ???????????????? damping term
  • ??? oscillatory term
  • ??????? ?????????????????????? (Laplace plane)
    ?????????????????????????????????????????????????/
    ????
  • ???????????????????????????????????? lt 0
    (LHP)

5
???????????????? (Transfer function)
  • ????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????? ???
  • ?????? ???
  • ????????????? G(s) ??? Transfer function

6
Transfer function
  • ?????? x(t) ?????????????? X(s) complex
    amplitude of exponential
  • ????? exponential component ??????????????????????
    ??????? ????????????? output ????????? Y(s)
    G(s)X(s)
  • G(s) ?????????????? Transfer function
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????? (magnitude) ?????? (phase) ??????????????
    ??? x(t) sin( t) ???? y(t) Asin( t )
    ??????
  • ???

7
?????????????????????
  • ??????????????
  • ???????
  • ????????????????

8
????????????????????? (???)
  • ?????? input ???????????? (step input)
  • ???????????????????????? ?????? 1 ?????
  • ??????????????? ????????? ????????????????????????
    ???????????????????

9
????????????????????? (???)
  • ?????? input ??????????? (ramp)
  • ??????? ??????????????? 1 ??????????????
  • ????????????????????????????????????????? ????
    ?????????
  • ?????????

10
Convolution
  • ????????????????????????????????????????????
    Transfer function ???????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????? (convolution)???????
    ??????????????????????????

11
Convolution Impulse response
  • Convolution Integral ????????? output ??????? ?
    ??????? ??????????????????? input
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ? h(t) ??????? ??? x(t) ??????????????????????????
    ??????????
  • t 0 ??????????????? 0 ??????????? ????????
    y(t) h(t)

12
Convolution Impulse response (???)
  • ??????? h(t) ?????????????? ?????????????
    (impulse response) ???????
  • ????????????????????? ????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????? ??????? ?????? x(t)
    ?????????????????????????????????? ??????????????
    ?????? y(t) ??????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????

13
Impulse response
  • ?????????????? input ??????
  • Unit step
  • Unit impulse
  • ???????????????????????????????????? screening
    property

14
Impulse response (???)
  • ????????????? ??? Output ?????????????????????????
    ??????????????????
    ??? ?? input ???? unit impulse
  • ??????????????????? ??????????????????????????????
    ??? ??????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????? ?????????????????????????????
    ????????????? ?????????????????????????????????
    input ??? ????????

15
?????????????????
  • ????????????????????????????????? 2 ???? ??????
  • 1. ?????????????????? (Transient Response)
  • 2. ???????????????????????? (Steady-State
    Response)

16
????????????????? (???)
17
????????????????? (???)
  • ??????????????????? ??????????????????
    ??????????? ?????????????? ???????????????????????
    ?
  • ????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????
    input ????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????

18
????????????????? (???)
  • ?????????????????????????? ??????????????????
    ???????????????? (Oscillation) ???????????
    ????????????????????? ???? ???????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????? gain ???????

19
Steady State Step Response
  • ????????????????? (Steady state response) ??????
    unit step input (???????????????????????????)
    ??????????????
  • ?????? G(s) ??? transfer function ???????

20
First order system
  • ????????????????????????????????????????????
    transfer function??????
  • ??????????????????????? input ???? unit step
    function ????????????

21
First order system (???)
????????????????????? 1 ???????? input ???? unit
step function
22
First order system (step input)
??????????????????? ??????? ?????????????????????
????? ??????????????????????????????????????
?????????
23
First order system (step input) (???)
  • ??????????????????? 1 ???????????????
    ??????
  • ?????????????????????????? 63 ?????????????
    ???????????????
  • ??????
    ??????????????????????????????????? 86, 95, 98
    ??? 99 ?????????????????????
  • ????????????? ????????? ????????????? 1
    ?????????????????????????????????????? 5
    ?????????? 5 ?????????????????????????????????

24
First order system (impulse input)
  • ??????????? transfer function
    ????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????? input ??????????????????
  • ?????? R(s) 1 ?????????????????????????????
    ?????
  • ????

25
First order system (impulse input) (???)
????????????? impulse input ???????????????? 1
26
First order system (ramp input)
  • ??????????????? input ?????????????????? (ramp
    input) ?????? r(t) t ???
    ????????????????????????????
  • ????

27
First order system (ramp input) (???)
?????????????????????????? 1 ??? input ??? r(t)
At
28
First order system (ramp input) (???)
??????????????? ?????????? c(t) ??????? input
r(t) ??????????? ????????????????????????????
????????????????? ????????????????????
29
Second order system
  • ????????????? 2 ????? transfer function ????
  • ???????????????????????? ???????????? transfer
    function ???????????? ??????
  • ??? (zeta) ??? damping ratio ??? ???
    natural frequency

30
Second order system (impulse input)
  • ??????????? input ??????????????????
    ???? R(s) 1
  • ????????????? 2 ?????????????? c(t) ??????????
  • ????

31
Second order system (impulse input) (???)
???????????????????? normalize ???????????????????
? 2 ??? impulse input ?????
???????????????
32
Second order system (step input)
  • ??????????????????? input ??????????????????? 1
    ?????
  • ????????????? 2 ????????????????????
  • ????????? ??????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????

33
Second order system (step input) (???)
????????????????????????? (undamped natural
response)
??????????????????????????????(underdamped
response)
?????????????????????????????? (critically
damped response)
?????????????????????? (over damped
response)
34
Second order system (step input) (???)
?????????????????????????? 2 ??? input
?????????????????????? ?????
???????????????
35
Second order system (step input) (???)
?????????????????? ???????????????? 2
?????????????? input ?????????????????????????????
?????????????????????? ??????????
?????????????????????????????????? (overshoot)
????????????? (oscillation) ??????????????????????

36
????????????????????????????????
  • ???????????????????????????????????????
    (??????????????????????? 2)
  • Steady state value, y? ??????????????????????????
    ????? (step response)
  • Rise time, tr ???????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????? kry? ????????????
    ??????????? kr ??????????? 0.9 ???? 1
    ??????????????????
  • Overshoot, Mp ???????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????? y?
  • Percent Overshoot (P.O.)

37
????????????????????????????????(???)
  • Undershoot, Mu ????????????? (??????????)
    ???????????????????????????????????????????????
  • Settling time, ts ???????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?? (?) ???? ?????????? ??????????????????????
    (steady state error ess) ????????????????????????
    ????????????????? y? ???? 2-5
  • ??????????????????? 2 ?????

38
????????????????????????????????(???)
39
????????????????????????????????(???)
40
????????????????????????????????(???)
??????????????????????? P.O., ???
???????????????? 2
41
????????????????????? 2
  • block diagram ???????????????????????
    ??????????????????????? c(t) ????? input ??? r(t)
    u(t) ?? Overshoot????????? 12 ??? Rise time
    ?????????????? 2.5 ?????? ??????? k ??? Kp
    ??????????

42
????????????????????? 2 (???)
  • Solution
  • ?????????? c(t) ?? P.O. 12
  • ??? ????????
  • ??????? 0.56
  • ????????????
  • ??????? ????

43
????????????????????? 2 (???)
  • ?????????? ??? ????????????????
  • ????? 2.218 sec ???????????????? 2.5
    sec ??????????

44
????????????????????? 2 (???)
  • Transfer function ?????????? ????????????????????
  • ??????????? ??????
  • ?????

45
Classical PID Controller
  • ????????????????????????????????????????????????
    PID controller ???????????????????????????????????
    ????? (Robustness) ????????????????????????
    ???????????????
  • PID ????????
  • P Proportional
  • I Integral
  • D Derivative

46
Classical PID Controller (???)
  • ??????????? Single Input Single Output (SISO)
    ??????

47
Classical PID Controller (???)
  • ???????????????? PID controller ????????

48
Classical PID Controller (???)
  • ????????? PID controller ???????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????? (PID tuning) ????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????????????????
  • Ziegler-Nichols Oscillation Method
  • Ziegler-Nichols Reaction Curve Method
  • Cohen-Coon Reaction Curve Method

49
Classical PID Controller (???)
  • ???????????????????????????????? PID controller
    ???? 3 ??????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????? ???????????????????????
    ????????????????? ??????
  • ?????? Proportional Controller (P)
    ??????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????? steady state error ??????????????
    input ?????????????????????
  • ??????? Integral Controller ???????????
    Proportional Controller (PI) ?????????????
    steady state error ???????? ??????????????????????
    ???????????????????????? ???? ????????????????????
  • ??????? Differential Controller ??????????????
    (PID) ????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????

50
?????????????? PID controller ???????????????? 2
  • ?????????????? transfer function ???
  • ????? input ???? unit step function

51
?????????????????????????????????
52
????????????????????????????????? (???)
  • ???????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????? unit step input ?????? ??????????
  • ??????? 1 (No controller) ???????????????????????
    ????? (Rise time ????????) ???????????????????????
    ?????????????????? 0.3 ??????????? ?????????
    steady state error ???????????????????
  • ??????? 2 (P-controller) ????????????????????????
    ? (Rise time ??????????) ??????? Overshoot
    ???????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????
    0.8 ?????????????? steady state error
    ??????????????????????

53
????????????????????????????????? (???)
  • ??????? 3 (PD-controller) ???????????????????
    Overshoot ????????????????? steady state
    ??????????????????????????????????????? 0.8
    ?????????????? steady state error ????????????
  • ??????? 4 (PI-controller) ???????????????????
    Overshoot ?????????????????????? 2
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    1 ??????? ??????????? steady state error
    ????????????
  • ??????? 5 (PID-controller) ???????????????????
    Overshoot ?????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????????? 1 ???????
    ?????????????? steady state error ???????????????
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