Anatomy

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Anatomy Physiology

• Chapter 1

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Specialties of Anatomy (1 of 3)

• Gross anatomy, or macroscopic anatomy examines
  large, visible structures
• surface anatomy
• exterior features
• regional anatomy
• body areas

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Specialties of Anatomy (2 of 3)

• systemic anatomy
• groups of organs working together
• developmental anatomy
• from egg (embryology) to maturity
• clinical anatomy
• medical specialties

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Specialties of Anatomy (3 of 3)

• Microscopic anatomy examines cells and molecules
  
• cytology
• cells and their structures
• cyt cell
• histology
• tissues and their structures

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Specialties of Physiology

• Cell physiology
• processes within and between cells
• Special physiology
• functions of specific organs
• Systemic physiology
• functions of an organ system
• Pathological physiology
• effects of diseases

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How are living things organized?
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From Simple to Complex (1 of 3)

• Atoms
• are the smallest chemical units
• Molecules
• are a group of atoms working together
• Organelles
• are a group of molecules working together

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From Simple to Complex (2 of 3)

• Cells
• are a group of organelles working together
• Tissues
• are a group of similar cells working together
• Organs
• are a group of different tissues working together

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From Simple to Complex (3 of 3)

• Organ systems
• are a group of organs working together
• Organism
• is an individual

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What are the anatomical terms used to describe
body sections, regions, and relative positions?
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Anatomical Landmarks
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KEY CONCEPT

• Anatomical position
• hands at sides, palms forward
• Supine
• lying down, face up
• Prone
• lying down, face down

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Which Direction?
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Quadrants and Regions (1 of 3)

• 4 abdominopelvic quadrants around umbilicus

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Quadrants and Regions (2 of 3)

• 9 abdominopelvic regions

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Quadrants and Regions (3 of 3)

• Internal organs associated with abdominopelvic
  regions

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Which Direction?

• Lateral
• side view
• Frontal
• front view
• Anatomical direction
• refers to the patients left or right

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3 Dimensions
Coronal
Midsagittal plane
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• What are the major body cavities and their
  subdivisions?

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The Ventral Body Cavity

• Coelom
• divided by the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity
  and the abdominopelvic cavity

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Isolating the Organs

• Serous membranes
• consist of parietal layer and visceral layer

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Dividing the Cavities

• Thoracic cavity
• divided by the mediastinum into 2 pleural
  cavities