Multicellular Primary

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Multicellular Primary

• Producers
• Seaweeds

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Seaweeds marine Macroalgae

• Three types red, brown, and green algae
• Most species are benthic
• Can be fouling communities live on bulkheads,
  pilings or artificial surface
• Distinguished by the type of pigment used for
  photosynthesis and the composition of the cell
  wall.

• Abiotic factors light, temp., tides, wave
  action, salinity, nutrients
• Chromatic adaptation ability of plants to alter
  photosynthetic pigments in response to light
  conditions
• Perennials live longer than a year

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Seaweeds marine Macroalgae
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Red Algae phylum Rhodophyta
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Red algae

• Uses
• Agar culture material
• Thickening agents in foods and pharmaceuticals
• Carrageenan binding agent in ice cream, pudding
  and salad dressing
• Cosmetics
• Sushi, soups and seasonings
• Animal feed
• fertilizer

• Mostly marine
• Epiphytes live on other plants
• Adaptations to predation
• Make thallus less edible
• Changing growing patters(out instead of up)
• Complex life cycles

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Red algae life cycle
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Brown algae phylum Phaeophyta
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Brown algae- kelp, sargassum

• Mostly marine
• Mostly benthic
• Microscopic to 100 meters
• Very defined holdfast, stipe and blade
• Gas filled bladders

• Uses
• Thickening agents in textiles, dental and
  cosmetics and food
• Human consumption
• Cattle feed

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Brown algae- Adaptations
- thin, broad blades allow for floating on top of
water where they can use light to
photosynthesize - anchors allow them to stay in
one place and not float off to places where the
conditions may not be as advantageous to their
survival - waxy blades prevent them from drying
up - pigment fucoxanthin well adapted for
absorbing wavelengths of light in their
environment to maximize efficiency of
photosynthesis - reproduction by flagellate
spores allow offspring to be anchored in places
where the environment is equally advantageous for
their survival.
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an edible brown seaweed used, typically in dried
form, in Chinese and Japanese cooking
Kombu Japanese Kelp dish
Seaweed laid out for making Maki rolls 
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Green algae phylum Chlorophyta
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Examplesea lettuce

• Very few marine macroalgae
• Most are fresh water and phytoplankton
• Adaptations to predation
• Rapid growth and reproduction
• Can occupy small crevices predators cant
• Deposits calcium carbonate in
• cell walls
• toxins