Kingdom%20Plantae

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Kingdom Plantae
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Plant Characteristics

• AUTOTROPHIC
• MULTICELLULAR
• EUKARYOTIC
• MOST TERRESTRIAL
• CELL WALLS OF CELLULOSE
• Dominant group on land based on weight
• DIVERSE!! Range from 2mm to 100m tall!!

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Are there exceptions?
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Diversity?
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Seedless
hornworts
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Nonvascular plants
hornwort
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Seedless plants
Vascular plants
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Seed plants
Vascular plants

• Gymnosperms
• Angiosperms

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Plant Structure
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Adaptations

• What obstacles did plants have to over come to
  live on land?
• DRYING OUT - CUTICLE STOMATA
• MEANS OF REPRODUCTION
• MEANS OF GETTING WATER AND NUTRIENTS

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DIVISION BRYOPHYTA

• PRIMITIVE AMONG THE 1st LAND PLANTS
• NONVASCULAR
• NO TRUE ROOT SYSTEM HABITAT?
• NO VASCULAR TISSUE SIZE?
• SIZE LIMITED BECAUSE SPERM MUST SWIM TO FERTILIZE
  EGGS

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Moss Structure

• Plants are about 3cm tall and 1 cell thick
• Clump of moss is a bunch of tiny individual
  plants
• Each plant contains rhizoids for anchoring them
  in soil.

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Importance

• IMPORTANT SOIL BUILDERS
• PREVENT EROSION
• PEAT MOSS (SPHAGNUM) GROWS IN BOGS OR PONDS
  USED FOR FUEL, MULCH, ETC.

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Chloroplast
Plant Structure
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What role do plants play in the Water cycle?
Water Cycle
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What role do plants play in the Carbon Cycle?
Carbon Cycle
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Mineral Nutrients

• Nitrogen
• Proteins, N.A., chlorophyll, ATP and growth
• Carbon
• Growth, photosynthesis

• Potassium
• Active transport, enzyme activation, osmotic
  balance and stomata opening

• Phosphorus
• ATP, ADP, N.A., phospholipids of cell membrane
• Magnesium
• Part of chlorophyll, needed for photosynthesis
  and activation of enzymes

• Calcium
• Cell wall, enzymes, cell membrane activity
• Sulfur
• Proteins, cellular respiration

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What role do plants play in the Nitrogen Cycle?
Nitrogen Cycle
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Nitrogen Cycle

• Nitrification
• Bacteria in soil take up ammonia and oxidize it
  into nitrites and nitrates and plants use it to
  create amino acids
• Denitrification
• Process of how nitrogen is returned to the
  atmosphere when bacteria break down nitrates and
  release nitrogen gas
• Ammonification
• Decomposers break down waste organisms and
  release the N they contain as ammonia

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Discuss Ways that plants move.
Tropisms

• Phototropism
• Plant responses to light
• Gravitropism
• Plant responses to gravity
• Photoperiodism
• the physiological reaction of organisms to the
  length of day or night
• Thigmotropism
• Plant responses to touch

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Tropisms
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MALE FEMALE ON SEPARATE PLANTS

• MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN ANTHERIDIUM
• PRODUCES SPERM
• FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN ARCHEGONIA
• PRODUCES EGG

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ALTERNATION OF GENERATIONS
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Photosynthesis