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Climate%20Change

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An Inconvenient Truth MAIN IDEAS Human use of resources is releasing increasing amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere. This is leading to an increase in temperature. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Climate%20Change


1
Climate Change
  • An Inconvenient Truth

2
MAIN IDEAS
  1. Human use of resources is releasing increasing
    amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere.
  2. This is leading to an increase in temperature.
  3. Increasing temperatures are changing our
    environment in ways that are will increasingly
    be harmful to earth and its people.
  4. It is the responsibility of government
    individuals to improve our situation by their
    actions. It is both a political and moral
    imperative.

3
SUPPORT
  • THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT
  • Greenhouse Gases
  • chemical compounds in the atmosphere that trap
    heat
  • they retain a proportion of the suns heat
    through the greenhouse effect.
  • 5 major greenhouse gases
  • Gas of Greenhouse Effect
  • water vapour (H2O) 36-70
  • carbon dioxide (CO2) 9-26
  • methane (CH4) 4-9
  • ozone (O3) 3-7
  • nitrous oxide (N20) 2-6

4
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5
CAUSES OF GH EFFECT
  • Human Activities
  • causing an increase of the amount of greenhouse
    gases in atmosphere, such as
  • burning natural gas, coal and oil (including
    gasoline for engines) raises the level of carbon
    dioxide in the atmosphere.
  • some farming practices and land-use changes
    increase the levels of CH4, N2O CO2
  • factories produce long-lasting industrial gases
    that do not occur naturally
  • deforestation - trees use CO2 and give off O2 in
    its place, so there are fewer trees to perform
    this critical function.

6
  • population growth - more people use fossil fuels
    for heat, transportation and manufacturing, more
    farming occurs to feed millions of new people
  • more greenhouse gases means more infrared
    radiation trapped and held, which gradually
    increases the temperature of the Earth's surface
    and the air in the lower atmosphere.
  • CO2 concentrations have increased from about 313
    ppm (parts per million) in 1960 to about 383 ppm
    in 2009

7
2. CO2 INCREASING IN ATMOSPHERE
  1. What does this graph show?
  2. Why does it go up and down each year?
  3. What is its consistent trend?
  4. What is the connection between this and rising
    temperatures?

8
(No Transcript)
9
3. GLACIERS MELTING
  1. Why do permanent ice areas exists?
  2. What does Gore show happening in Kilimanjaro,
    Glacier National Park, Italian Alps, South
    America?
  3. Why is this a problem, particularly with the
    Himalayas.

10
  1. What cyclical pattern does this show?
  2. What connection does it show between carbon
    dioxide levels and temperature?
  3. Why might this weaken Gores argument?
  4. Why does Gore imply that it does not weaken it?

11
4. CHANGES TO OCEANS
  • Ocean Levels
  • glaciers ice caps consist of frozen fresh water
  • fresh water melts into the oceans
  • can cause water levels to rise
  • ocean levels have
  • risen by
  • 1.8 mm/yr in past
  • century
  • 2.8-3.1 mm/yr since
  • 1993

12
  • Antarctic ice contains 70 of world fresh water
  • if melted, levels would rise by 61 m
  • avg temp in Antarctic is -37oC unlikely
  • Greenland closer to equator, melting already seen
  • 2009 showed record lack of sea ice in Arctic
  • if all melted, levels would rise by 7 m
  • estimated by 2100 levels will rise by 50 cm
    (lowest 15 cm highest 95 cm)

13
  • Ocean Currents
  • currents driven by differences in density between
    salt and fresh water
  • salt water falls to bottom, fresh rises
  • this pulls warm tropical water from equator to
    replace falling water (warm current)
  • cold current flows south along bottom
  • drives Ocean Conveyor and moves currents around
    earth

14
  • as more fresh water added it changes the current
  • for last 15 years, sinking has been absent or too
    shallow to drive the Ocean Conveyor
  • implications??

15
Climate Changes Impacts in Canada
  • Environmental Impacts
  • warmer winters
  • tree line and wildlife species shift to the
    north
  • more frequent heat waves
  • changes in general weather patterns
    (precipitation, winds, and temperature)
  • permafrost melting in the arctic
  • increased frequency of storms
  • glaciers retreating
  • greater risk of icebergs off the coast of
    Labrador
  • arctic sea ice melting
  • changes to Inuit way of life and opening up year
    round ice free shipping routes
  • sea levels rising
  • more severe drought conditions in the Prairies
    and B.C. leading to a loss of crops and forest
    wildfires and

16
  • Political Impacts
  • displaced populations/immigration
  • demand for water resources
  • Northwest Passage opening route for oil
    tankers, toxic wastes?
  • oil/gas resources under ice?
  • Arctic sovereignty
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