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The Part Played by Education in Society

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The Part Played by Education in Society Education: Topic 1 The purpose of Education Today most young people spend approximately six hours per day in school, from aged ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The Part Played by Education in Society


1
The Part Played by Education in Society
  • Education Topic 1

2
The purpose of Education
  • Today most young people spend approximately six
    hours per day in school, from aged four to at
    least sixteen
  • They gain knowledge, attitudes and skills via the
    formal curriculum and the hidden curriculum

3
The start of compulsory education
  • Forsters Education Act 1870 brought in State
    responsibility for education of aged five to ten
    years
  • 1880 Act made education compulsory for five to
    ten year olds

4
Compulsory education was introduced in 1880 in
order to
  • Create a more skilled workforce
  • Improve the effectiveness of our armies
  • Re-socialise the feckless (irresponsible) poor

5
  • Reduce the level of street crime
  • Ward off the threat of revolution
  • Provide education as a human right
  • (This is a liberal view of education)

6
Functionalist view of education(Parsons)
  • Socialisation into core values, e.g. equality of
    opportunity
  • Skills provision needed in modern industrial
    society
  • Role allocation (sorting the right type of
    student for the right type of job)

7
Marxists' view of education
  • Education is part of the ideological state
    apparatus
  • Education promotes ruling class values, (not
    common values as functionalists say)
  • Education justifies and reproduces class
    inequality (it does not produce equality of
    opportunity)

8
  • Education contains a hidden curriculum which
    promotes ruling class values and attitudes. This
    ensures that the working class accept their own
    failure, whereas in reality it is the capitalist
    education system which causes them to fail

9
Bowles and Gintis claim that
  • Education reflects the needs of capitalism by
    giving pupils the appropriate skills and
    attitudes to make them good and obedient
    workers.
  • There is a direct correspondence between school
    and work. E.g. teachers are the bosses who
    control learning pupils are the workers who
    have no control over their learning

10
  • Students are rewarded with success for their
    conformity not their intellectual ability
  • Students who conform do better than those who
    challenge the system.

11
Two views of education
  • Functionalist view
  • Education produces model citizens
  • Education is part of social structure
  • Does not look at behaviour in the classroom
    itself.
  • Marxist view
  • Education turns working class pupils into
    conformists
  • Education is part of social structure
  • Does not look at behaviour in the classroom
    itself.

12
Criticism of both Functionalism and Marxism
  • Paul Willis says that both Functionalism and
    Marxist theories are deterministic
  • Both theories ignore the ability of many pupils
    to resist the education system
  • Willis went into schools to observe and
  • understand what actually happens inside
  • the classroom which he linked this to Marxist
  • theory

13
Inside schools, Willis found
  1. a pro school subculture (the lads) and an
    anti school subculture, (the ear oles)
  2. The ear oles tended to be middle class and
    conformed, while the lads tended to be working
    class and rebelled by having a laff

14
  • having a laff was a coping strategy for the
    boredom of school. Willis said this prepared
    them for coping with boring routine jobs in adult
    life
  • It was their very rebellion, (not passivity)
    which reproduced the capitalist workforce
  • NB
  • Today such strategies as having a laff tend
  • to lead to unemployment not routine jobs

15
The end
  • Possible examination style question
  • Discuss reasons why we have an education system
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