???) ??? ????? Specific weight): - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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???) ??? ????? Specific weight):

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Title: Last modified by: PARAND Created Date: 8/16/2006 12:00:00 AM Document presentation format – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: ???) ??? ????? Specific weight):


1
?????????? ??? ?????? ?? ??
2
???) ??? ????? Specific weight)
  • ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? Kg/m3
  • ?? ????? ??????? ? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????
  • ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ? ???
  • ??? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ? ???????????? ????

3
????? ???? ?? ??? ?????
  • ) ????? ???? ?????
  • 2) ???? ?????
  • 3) ???? (Pressure)

4
???? ?????
  • ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ??????

??? ?????(??????? ?? ????) ????? ??? ?????(?? ????)
1/00000 0
1/00085 1
1/00169 2
1/00251 3
1/00818 14
1/02822 35
5
?????....
  • ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???
  • ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?????
  • ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????

6
???? ?????
  • ??????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????

7
????? ??? ?????
  • ????? ??? ????? ?? (Anomaly) ? ??? ??
  • 1) ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??
    ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????????.
  • 2) ???????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????
  • 3) ?????? ????? ?? (?? ??? ?? ???? ????) ?? ????
    3/98 c ? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?????
  • 4) ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? (???
    ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??
    ????????? )

8
?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????
??? ????? (??????? ?? ??? ????) ???? ????? (Cº)
60/918 ?? ??? ????
87/999 ?? ??? ????
00/1000 4
99/999 5
73/999 10
13/999 15
23/998 20
07/997 25
63/995 30
06/994 35
9
?) ??????? ? ????? ???? (???????)(Cohesion and
Adhesion)
  • ????? ? ?????
  • ?? ???????? ????? ?? ???????? ????
  • ?????? ???? ?????
  • ???? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????
    ??? ????
  • . ???? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????
    ?????
  • ?? ????? ???? ????? (Osmoregulation)

10
(No Transcript)
11
?) ??? ???? (Surface tension)
  • ?? ?????? ???? ????????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???
  • (???? ??? ???? Dyne/cm)

12
????? ???? ?? ??? ????
  • ???? ?????
  • ??? ???? ????? (??????? ??? ? ?? ?????)
  • ??? ??? ???? ?? ???????????? ????

13
????? (Viscosity)
  • ????? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? Poise
  • ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ? ???? ?????

14
???? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????
100 771/1 787/1 0
8/84 561/1 561/1 5
7/78 304/1 306/1 10
7/63 139/1 318/1 15
56 004/1 002/1 20
8/49 892/0 890/0 25
7/44 801/0 798/0 30
3/40 723/0 719/0 35
15
?) ????? ???????? (Kinematic viscosity)
  • ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?????
  • ???? ????? ??????? or (gr/cm2 / gr/cm3 cm2 /
    s)
  • 1 Stock 1 cm2 /s

16
????? ???? ? ?????
  • ???? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???
  • ?? ???? ????? ???? ? ????? ????
  • ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???
    ?????? ?????? ????
  • ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????
    ??????? ??? ????
  • ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????
    ?????

17
?) ???? ????? (Osmotic pressure)
  • ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????
  • ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??
    ??????? ???? Osmometer ???????
  • ?? ????? ???? ????? ???????? Osmoregulation

18
?) ??? ?? ?? (Sound in water)
  • ??? ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ? ???? ?? ?????
    ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ???
  • ???? ??? ?? ??? 334 ??? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???
    1500-1400 ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? 5100 ??? ??
    ?????
  • ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ?
    ????? ????? ?????? ?????
  • ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ? ????? ?????
    ??

19
(No Transcript)
20
?) ???????? ?????? ?? (Thermal properties of
water)
  • )????? ???? ?? (Specific heat)
  • 2)????? ???? ??? (Latent heat of fusion)
  • 3)????? ???? ????? (Latent heat of evaporation)
  • 4)?????? ????? ?????? (Thermal conductivity)

21
) ????? ???? ?? (Specific heat)
  • ?????????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??
    ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? 15
    ???? ????
  • ????? ???? ????? ?? ???
  • ????? ?? ??????? ? ???? ????? ???????????? ???
  • ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ????

22
??????? ????? ????
  • ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????
    ?? ???? ???

?Thermal capacity ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????
? ????   Sensible heat of ice A B   Latent
heat of fusion of ice C   Sensible heat of
water D   Latent heat of vaporization         of
water E   Sensible heat of steam
23
2) ????? ???? ????? (Latent heat of evaporation)
  • ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??
    ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???
    ????? ???? ?????.
  • ????? Kcal 539 ????? ?? Kg??

24
3) ????? ???? ??? (Latent heat of fusion)
  • ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ? ????? ??
    ?? ???? ????.
  • ??? ??? ???? ?? 7/79 ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???
    ??

????? ?? (Sublimation) ????? ??? ?? ????
?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? 679 ????? ????? ??
??? ??
25
(No Transcript)
26
-3) ????? ???? (Surface evaporation)
  • ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?????
    ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????.
  • ?? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ????.
  • ????? ???? ?? ????? ????
  • 1- ??? ????
  • 2- ???? ????
  • 3- ???? ???? ?? ??? ????
  • 4- ????? ???? ????
  • 5- ???? ????? ???

27
?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??
???? ????? (????) 0 20 100
????? ????? ????? (????? ?? ???) 595 585 539
28
4) ?????? ????? ?????? ?? (Thermal conductivity)
  • ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??
    ????? 111 ???????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????
    ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????
    ????? ??? . ???? Cal/cm.s.c
  • ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???
  • 1- ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????
  • 2- ?????? ?? ? ????????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????
    (Heat pump)

29
?) ???? ?? ??????? ?? (Dielectric constant)
  • ??? ?????????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ????
    ???????????
  • ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?????.
  • ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ?????

30
???? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??
????? (????) ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????
?????? ????? ?????? (Cal/cm.s.c) -
????? ????? ???? (Cal/gr) - -
????? ???? ?????(Cal/gr) ?? ????? - ?? ?????
???? ?????? (oC) - ....... ?? ?????
???? ??? (oC) .......
???? ????? ?? ?????
?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? (oC) - ....... .......
????? (Poise) - ?? ?????
??? ???? (dyne/cm) - ?? ?????
??? ????? (Kg/m3) -
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