Biological%20Chemistry - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Biological%20Chemistry

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Biological Chemistry-- Organic: anything with carbon vs.-- Inorganic: anything NOT containing carbon Macromolecules Large organic molecules Basic Structure ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Biological%20Chemistry


1
Biological Chemistry
  • -- Organic anything with carbon
  • vs.
  • -- Inorganic anything NOT containing carbon

2
Macromolecules
  • Large organic molecules
  • Basic Structure

3
Macromolecules
  • Carbohydrates
  • Lipids
  • Proteins
  • Nucleic Acids

4
Functional Groups
  • Clusters of atoms that give a molecule specific
    chemical properties

5
Hydroxyl
  • -OH
  • Form alcohols
  • Polar
  • Forms H bonds

6
Carbonyl
  • gtCO
  • Form aldehydes (R, H) ketones (R, R)
  • Polar

7
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8
Carboxyl
  • -COOH
  • Form carboxylic acids
  • Polar
  • Acidic
  • Releases H in solution

9
Amino
  • -NH2
  • Form amines
  • Polar
  • Basic

10
Sulfhydral
  • -SH
  • Can interact with another molecule to stabilize
    protein structure

11
Phosphate
  • -OPO32-
  • a.k.a. inorganic phosphate
  • Polar
  • Acidic
  • Can transfer energy between organic molecules

12
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13
Methyl
  • -CH3
  • Nonpolar
  • Lowers water-solubility
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