Make as many observations as you can.

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Make as many observations as you can.
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Infer what happened based on your observations.
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Scientific Methods
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Observation vs. Inference

• Observation -- information collected with the
  senses.
• FACTS!
• Inference -- conclusion or judgment based on
  observations
• May be biased

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Scientific Methods -- ways of thinking that
involve testing

• Steps
• An Observation makes you curious so you do
  preliminary research
• 2. Develop a Research Question
• 3. Make a hypothesis a testable prediction

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• 4. Test hypothesis -- make observations
• by experiment or collecting evidence
• (experimental vs. observational science)
• 5. Analyze data use graphs
• Draw a conclusion make inferences
• -- Was hypothesis supported?
• 7. Repeat and share make a new hypothesis if
  needed

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After many, many tests a hypothesis may become
a theory.

• Theory well-tested and widely accepted
  explanation for a set of observations

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Source of graphichttp//bob.nap.edu/html/evolut
ion98/evol6-e.html