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Binary Covalent Compounds

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Title: Binary Covalent Compounds


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(No Transcript)
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Binary Covalent Compounds
  • Composed of two non-metals
  • can be same or different

3
Two naming systems
  • Stock system
  • learned for ionic compounds
  • official
  • Traditional
  • what hear on news
  • what see on ingredient lists

4
Both Traditional Stock
  • Least electronegative of two elements goes first
  • See table S

5
Stock System
  • 1st element must have Roman Numeral so
  • figure out oxidation number

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Stock System Oxidation Number
  • molecular substances DONT contain ions
  • concept of oxidation for e- bookkeeping
  • pretend all shared e- go to atom with higher
    electronegativity value
  • atom with higher electronegativity value (-)
    oxidation
  • atom with lower electronegativity value ()
    oxidation

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7 Rules for Oxidation Numbers
  • for free, uncombined element is 0

1.
for monatomic ion charge on ion
2.
Ca2 2 Cl-1 -1 Al3 3
Fluorine is always (-)1
CF4
8
4.
Hydrogen is nearly always ()1, except when
bonded to metal, then (-)1
LiH CaH2 NaH
  • Oxygen is nearly always (-)2 EXCEPT when

9
6.
  • sum oxidation numbers in neutral compound is 0

sum of oxidation numbers in polyatomic
ion charge of ion
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Naming Binary Covalent Compounds
  • Stock System

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CO2
  • CO2
  • C goes first less electronegative than O

Each O is -2
CO2
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Try SO3
13
Try N2O3
N2O3
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Try P2O5
P2O5
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Naming Binary Covalent Compounds
  • Traditional Naming System

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Traditional Naming
  • less electronegative element named 1st
  • stem 2nd element plus -ide ending
  • prefixes tell how many of each element
  • Exception NEVER start a name with mono-

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Prefixes Traditional System
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Traditional Naming
nitrogen monoxide
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