THE COLD WAR

1
THE COLD WAR
Cold War images ( page 4)
2
United Nations

• Organization set up in 1945 to help solve global
  conflicts.

3
SUPERPOWERS
Soviet Union
United States
4
Types of Government

• United States
• democratic and capitalistic
• Soviet Union
• communist and dictatorial

United States flag (images)
Soviet Union flag (images)
5
The Cold War

• State of tension between
• the United States and
• the Soviet Union with no actual fighting but
  divided the world into two camps
• No actual fighting but divided the world into two
  camps

6
The Soviet Union dominated Eastern Europe
7
Iron Curtain

• An imaginary boundary between Eastern and
  Western Europe.

8
containment

• United States policy that aimed to stop the
  spread of communism

9
Marshall Plan

• Much of Europe was in ruins following WWII.
  Soviet forces occupied most of Eastern and
  Central Europe and the eastern portion of
  Germany. The U.S. felt it was in the best
  interest to rebuild Europe and prevent political
  and economic stability.
• The purpose of the Marshall plan was to provide
  economic aid to Europe and to stop the spread of
  communism.

10
Truman Doctrine 1947

• This doctrine allowed the U.S. to send military
  and economic aid to countries threatened by a
  communist takeover.

11
The Berlin Airlift 1948

• The Soviet Union blockaded all railroads and road
  traffic between West Berlin and West Germany.
  For over a year, the U.S. dropped food and other
  supplies through an airlift to the people of West
  Berlin.

12
N.A.T.O. vs. WARSAW PACT
democratic alliance
communist alliance
13
American SocietyEconomy

• The United States experienced a booming peacetime
  economy.

14
Reasons for Rapid Growth of Economy

• Businesses switch from production of war
  materials to consumer goods
• Americans purchase goods on credit
• Women return to work inside of the home
• Labor unions become more powerful and workers get
  new benefits and higher wages
• The next generation of women enter the work force

15
Education and Employment

• Under the G.I. Bill of Rights, WWII veterans
  could get loans for education, housing, and
  farms.
• Truman desegregated the armed forces
• Civil Rights legislation led to increased
  educational, economic, and political
  opportunities for women and minorities.

16
Changing Patterns in U.S.

• Strong economy
• Greater investment in education
• The Baby Boom
• Interstate highway system
• Evolving role of women
• Eleanor Roosevelt helped expand human rights
• African Americans aspirations for equal
  opportunities
• Changes in immigrants after 1965 Asia and Latin
  America (Hispanic)

17
The Baby Boom

• Americans bought more homes
• Housing boom
• The growth of suburbs
• An increase in U.S. population

18
Suburbs

• People moved to the suburbs to buy homes
• The construction of interstate highways
  contributed most to the expansion of suburbs.

19
McCarthyism

• In the 1950s, Senator McCarthy claimed thousands
  of government employees were communists.
• He created a fear of communism in American
  society.

20
Korean War

• South Korea and U.S.
• vs.
• Communist Chinese and North Korean aggression

Map of Korea (images)
ends in stalemate
21
Korean War

• The war began when North Korea crossed the 38th
  parallel and invaded South Korea
• The U.S. got involved because of fear of the
  spread of communism.
• General MacArthur was fired by President Truman
  for not following orders because he sent United
  Nations and U.S. troops past the 38th parallel.
• The war ended in an armistice and the border was
  drawn again at the 38th parallel.
• The Korean War is the first war to see a
  desegregated military

22
Space Race

• The Soviet Union launched Sputnik in 1957-this
  was the first artificial satellite to circle the
  Earth.
• American feared that the Soviets achieved
  technological superiority.
• In 1958, The U.S. created NASA to take charge of
  the space race against the Soviets
• The U.S. won the race and landed the first humans
  on the moon in 1969.

23
Cuban Missile Crisis

• Soviets placed missiles in Cuba
• U.S. blockade
• Soviets remove missiles in response to blockade

Cuban Missile Crisis (images)
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Crisis

• During the Cuban Missile Crisis, President
  Kennedy blockaded Cuba.
• The crisis brought the two powers close to war.
• It was considered a crisis because there was a
  possibility of a nuclear war between the U.S. and
  U.S.S.R.

25
Vietnam War

• U.S. enters Vietnam War to stop the Vietcong and
  North Vietnamese communists from taking over
  South Vietnam (Domino Theory)
• Ho Chi Minh was the leader of N. Vietnam
• The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution gave the President
  the power to send troops to Vietnam and launch an
  attack without congress declaring war.

26
Vietnam War

• Americans divided over whether U.S. should be
  involved militarily
• Conflict ends in cease-fire
• U.S. troops withdraw in 1973
• The North Vietnamese took control of the South
  and reunited Vietnam

27
Berlin Wall

• 1960s Symbol of division in Europe
• 1989 - Berlin Wall is destroyed
• Germany is reunited

28
1990s Collapse of Soviet Union

• Soviet Union breaks into various countries
• Became more democratic
• End of Cold War

29
U.S. Faces New Challenges

• Terrorism
• Military interventions
• Natural Disasters
• Disease
• Environmental problems solutions
• Population

environment
military
United States
United States
30
New Technologies

• Jets
• Satellites
• Television
• Cell Phones
• Computers
• Internet
• Medical Advances
• Auto and interstate highway system

31
Impact

• Increased travel
• Greater access to information
• Better and cheaper communication
• Better heating and air conditioning
• More widespread and even distribution throughout
  the country of access to communication
  technologies