Title: Atomic Bomb
1 2EINSTEIN
- 1939
- LETS
- AMERICA KNOW
- GERMANY MAY
- ALREADY HAVE THE BOMB!
3MANHATTAN PROJECT
- GOAL
- PRODUCE A SELF-SUSTAINING
- ATOMIC CHAIN REACTION WHERE PARTICLES RELEASED
- FROM THE SPLITTING OF ONE ATOM WOULD CAUSE
ANOTHER ATOM TO BREAK APART.
4WHAT DOES THIS MEAN?
- THEIR GOAL WAS TO BUILD THE MOST POWERFUL BOMB
EVER CREATED. - NEXT THEY NEEDED TO CREATE A SPECIAL KIND OF
URANIUM TO MOLD INTO THE BOMB - PLUTONIUM
5MANHATTAN PROJECT
- WHO
- LEO SZILARD (Physicist)
- Austro-Hungarian Jew
- Discovered Nuclear Chain reaction (Fission)
- Patented idea for nuclear reactor
- ENRICO FERMI (Physicist)
- ITALIAN SCIENTIST
- SUCCESSFULLY MANAGED THE CHAIN REACTION NECESSARY
FOR DESIRED NUCLEAR EFFECT
6Leo Szilard Enrico Fermi
7JOHN OPPENHEIMER
Now I have become death, the destroyer of worlds.
8HE WAS IN CHARGE
- PHYSICIST
- PRESENT AT THE FIRST TEST SITE IN ALAMOGORDO, NEW
MEXICO July 14, 1945
9But would we use it?
- INTERIM COMMITTEE
- ROOSEVELT DEAD APRIL 1945
- TRUMAN PRESIDENT NOW
- FORMED THIS COMMITTEE OF SCIENTISTS AND
POLITICIANS - CHOOSE TO USE THE BOMB TO END THE WAR IN JAPAN TO
SAVE FURTHER AMERICAN CASUALTIES
10ANY OTHER REASON FOR US TO USE IT?
- SHOW THE SOVIETS WE HAVE IT
- TRUMAN
- AGREES TO USE THE BOMB INSTEAD OF INVADING JAPAN
- TWO REASONS ONE SAVE LIVES
- TWO REVENGE FOR PEARL HARBOR
11The pilots/co-pilots and mechanics of the planes
that dropped the bomb.
12Enola Gay, the plane that dropped the first bomb.
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14FAT MAN LITTLE BOY
- "My God, what have we done?" Robert Lewis
- Robert Lewis, the co-pilot of the Enola Gay, the
B-29 that dropped the first atomic bomb.
15THE BOMBS
- STATS HIROSHIMA, JAPAN
- AUGUST 6, 1945
- LITTLE BOY URANIUM BOMB
- 70,000 PEOPLE DEAD
- NAGASAKI THREE DAYS LATER
- FAT MAN PLUTONIUM BOMB
- 40,000 PEOPLE DEAD
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17Atomic Bomb Damage of Hiroshima
Distance from Ground Zero (km) Killed Injured Population
0 -1.0 86 10 31,200
1.0 - 2.5 27 37 144,800
2.5 - 5.0 2 25 80,300
Total 27 30 256,300
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19The ruins around the Industrial Promotion Hall,
now known as the Atomic Bomb Dome
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24- Ohmura Navy Hospital A 14 year old girl after
the bombing of Hiroshima at Ohmura Navy Hospital
on August 10-11.
25Severe burns. Only his waist was protected from a
burn by a waistband he wore (within 1km from the
hypocenter).
26Kimono pattern. Burned areas on the back and on
the dorsal portion of the upper arm show that
thermal rays penetrated the black or the dark
colored parts of kimono she wore.
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29- "ATTENTION JAPANESE PEOPLE" EVACUATE YOUR CITIES
-
- Because your military leaders have rejected the
thirteen part surrender declaration, two
momentous events have occurred in the last few
days. - The Soviet Union, because of this rejection on
the part of the military has notified your
Ambassador Sato that it has declared war on your
nation. Thus, all powerful countries of the world
are now at war against you. - Also because of your leaders' refusal to accept
the surrender declaration that would enable Japan
to honorably end this useless war, we have
employed our atomic bomb. - A single one of our newly developed atomic bombs
is actually the equivalent in explosive power to
what 2000 of our giant B-29's could have carried
on a single mission. Radio Tokyo has told you
that with the first use of this weapon of total
destruction, Hiroshima was virtually destroyed. - Before we use this bomb again and again to
destroy every resource of the military by which
they are prolonging this useless war, petition
the Emperor now to end the war. Our President has
outlined for you the thirteen consequences of an
honorable surrender We urge that you accept
these consequences and begin the work of building
a new, better, and peace loving Japan. - Act at once or we shall resolutely employ this
bomb and all our other superior weapons to
promptly and forcefully end the war." - EVACUATE YOUR CITIES
- (This message was sent to the residents of
Nagasaki before the second bomb was dropped.)
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37WAR ENDS
- AUGUST 14, 1945
- JAPAN ACCEPTS U.S. TERMS
- SURRENDERS
- September 2, 1945
38V-J Day (Victory over Japan).
For millions of Americans, Alfred Eisenstaedt's
1945 LIFE photograph of a sailor stamping a
masterly kiss on a nurse symbolized the cathartic
joy of V-J Day.
39Crowds outside the White House celebrate V-J Day,
the Japanese surrender and the end of World War
II. August 1945