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?????%20?????%20????%20??????%20???????%20ethos%20?????%20????????:%20????,%20?????,%20?????%20?????.%20????%20???????%20??%20?????%20???%20????%20??????%20??????%20???%20?????%20??%20??????%20????????%20????????%20???%20????????%20?????%20?????%20????%20??????%20????%20???????%20????%20?????%20????%20??????.

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Title: ?????%20?????%20????%20??????%20???????%20ethos%20?????%20????????:%20????,%20?????,%20?????%20?????.%20????%20???????%20??%20?????%20???%20????%20??????%20??????%20???%20?????%20??%20??????%20????????%20????????%20???%20????????%20?????%20?????%20????%20??????%20????%20???????%20????%20?????%20????%20??????.


1
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  • ??' ???? ?. ????
  • ????? ?????? ????????
  • 26.3.08

2
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    ?????????.
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    "?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??
    ???? ?? ???? ????????? ????? ???? ???????? ??
    ??????".

3
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    ??????.
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    ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??
    ???????? ??????.

4
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    ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????".
  • ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???
    ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????
    ??????? ???? ??. ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????
    ???? ???? ??????, ?????? ?? ???? ???????, ???????
    ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? (???"?
    70/93, ??? ????? ???"? ??' 783-784).

5
  • ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ethos ?????
    ???????? ????, ?????, ????? ?????. ???? ???????
    ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??
    ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????
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    ??????.
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6
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7
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8
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    ?????
  • ????? ???? ????? ??????, ????, ?????? ????
    ??????, ?????? ??????, ?????? ???? ????.

9
????? "???? ??????"
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    ???? ??????. ???"? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????,
    ???? ?????, ????? ????????, ????? ????? ??????,
    ???? ??????, ??????? ?? ????? ????, ????, ????
    ????.

10
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    ???????, ?? ??????, ??? ????? ????.
  • ????? ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???
    ??????????, ??? ???? ????, ????????? ?? ????.

11
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    ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????
    ????? ??? ????. ???? ?? ?? ???? ??????. ???? ???,
    ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????
    ????????? ??? ??

12
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    ??????  ???????? ??????? ???? ?????????, ???
    ????? ????? ??? ??????, ??????? ????? ?????,
    ????? ????? ??????? ?????

13
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    ???? ???????, ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???????.
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    ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????
    ???????.

14
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  • ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????, ??????,
    ????? ???????, ?????? ???????? ???? ????????
    ????????.
  • ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???.
  • ????? ?????.
  • ????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????, ????? ?????.

????? ?????? ??????
15
???? ????? ??????
  • ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????
  • ????? ?????? ????? ???????, ??????, ?????? ??????
    ??????, ??? ??????? ????, ???? ?????? ????????
    ????? ????? ???? ????, ????? ?????? ????? ?????,
    ????? ??? ???????.
  • ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????, ??????,
    ??????.
  • ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? "?????" ?? ???
    "?????" ?????.

16
???? ????? ??????
  • ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? (????)
  • ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????,
    ??????? ?????? ???????, ????? ????, ?????? ?????,
    ??? ?? ????????.

17
Toddard (1983) ???? ??? ????????? ?? ??????
??????? ??????? ????? ????"? ???? ???? ???
  • ?????? (Mooching)- ???? ????? ?? ????? ????
    ?????.
  • ?????? (Chiseling)- ???? ????? ??????? ?????
    ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????.
  • ????? (Favorism) - ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ????
    ????????? ?? ??????.
  • ???? ?????? (Prejudice)- ??????? ?????? ????
    ????? ?????????? ???????.
  • ????? ????? (Shopping )- ????? ?????? ????? ???"?
    ???? ??? ???? ???????.

18
Toddard (1983) (????)
  • ????? (Extortion)- ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????
    ??? ?????? ???????, ???? ??????? ???? ??? ?????
    ????? ????? ????.
  • ???? (Bribery)- ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????
    ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????.
  • ????? (Shakedown)- ?????? ????? ????.
  • ????? ??? (Perjury)- ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???????
    ?????? ??? ?? ????? ???.
  • ?????? ???????? (Premeditated Theft)- ???? ??????
    ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????
    ?????? ??????.

19
????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????
  • ????? ????????????? ???? ????? ?????- ????? ???
    ????. "?????? ??????".
  • ????? ???????- ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????,
    ?????? (???? ??????), ?? ??????. ?????? ??????
    ?????-?????? ?????? ???????.
  • ?????? ???? ??????, ????? ????, ???? ????? ????,
    ?????? ??????? ?????, ????? ??? ??????, ??? ??
    ????????.
  • ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????
  • ??? ??????- ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????,
    ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??-??? ?????, ?????
    ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????, (???? MOLEN
    ????-????, 1994), ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????
    ???? ????.

20
????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????
(????)
  • ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????, ?????
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    ????-???? ??????? ???, ????? ?? ????? ????
    ??????.
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    ?????? ??????? ????????, ??????? ?????? ??????
    ??????, ??????? ??????.

21
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    ??????? ????????- ??? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??
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    ????? ???????, ????? ?????? ????-?????.

22
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  • ??? ???????? "??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????
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    ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????????
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    (??"? ?????? ????? ??? ???). ??????? ?????
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    ??????, ???????-??????, ????? ??????, ?????,
    ????? ??????, ????? ????? ??????.

23
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    ????, ???? ????? ????? ?? ??, ??????? ??????
    ???????, ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????.
  • ????? ??? ???????? ????????
  • ?? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????
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