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Myers EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY (6th Edition in Modules)

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Title: Myers EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY (6th Edition in Modules)


1
Myers EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY (6th Edition in
Modules)
  • Module 17
  • Drugs and Consciousness
  • James A. McCubbin, PhD
  • Clemson University
  • Worth Publishers

2
Drugs and Consciousness
  • Psychoactive Drug
  • a chemical substance that alters perceptions and
    mood
  • Physical Dependence
  • physiological need for a drug
  • marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms
  • Psychological Dependence
  • a psychological need to use a drug
  • for example, to relieve negative emotions

3
Dependence and Addiction
  • Tolerance
  • diminishing effect with regular use
  • Withdrawal
  • discomfort and distress that follow discontinued
    use

4
Psychoactive Drugs
  • Depressants
  • drugs that reduce neural activity
  • alcohol, barbiturates, opiates
  • slow body functions

5
Psychoactive Drugs
  • Alcohol
  • affects motor skills, judgement, and memory
  • reduces self awareness
  • Barbiturates
  • drugs that depress the activity of the central
    nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing
    memory and judgement

6
Psychoactive Drugs
  • Opiates
  • opium and its derivatives (morphine and heroin)
  • opiates depress neural activity, temporarily
    lessening pain and anxiety
  • highly addictive

7
Psychoactive Drugs
  • Stimulants
  • drugs that excite neural activity
  • caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, cocaine
  • speed up body functions

8
Psychoactive Drugs
  • Amphetamines
  • drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing
    speeded-up body functions and associated energy
    and mood changes

9
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10
Psychoactive Drugs
  • Cocaine
  • effects depend on dosage, form, expectations,
    personality and situation
  • coca leaves
  • powder
  • crack

11
Cocaine Euphoria and Crash
12
Psychoactive Drugs
  • Ecstasy
  • MDMA (methylenedioxymethamphetamine)
  • stimulant and mild hallucinogen
  • dangerous short and long term effects

13
Psychoactive Drugs
  • Hallucinogens
  • psychedelic (mind-manifesting) drugs that distort
    perceptions and evoke sensory images in the
    absence of sensory input
  • LSD

14
Psychoactive Drugs
  • LSD
  • lysergic acid diethylamide
  • a powerful hallucinogenic drug
  • also known as acid
  • THC
  • the major active ingredient in marijuana
  • triggers a variety of effects, including mild
    hallucinations

15
Near-Death Experiences
  • Near-Death Experience
  • an altered state of consciousness reported after
    a close brush with death
  • often similar to drug-induced hallucinations

16
Psychoactive Drugs
17
Trends in Drug Use
18
Perceived Marijuana Risk
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