Essential Question:

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• Essential Question
• What factors led to the outbreak of the Civil
  War?
• Warm-Up Question
• How did the following events lead to the Civil
  War in 1861?
• States Rights Arguments
• Slavery
• Westward Expansion

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(No Transcript)
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The Outbreak of the Civil War

• Abraham Lincolns election in 1860, was the first
  step towards the outbreak of the Civil War
• South Carolinians feared the victory of a
  Republican president would bring an end to
  slavery seceded from the United States
• By early 1861, 7 Southern states seceded formed
  the Confederate States of America

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The Upper South did not view Lincolns election
as a death sentence did not secede immediately
The entire Deep South seceded by Feb 1861
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The Confederate States of America

• The constitution of the Confederacy
• Protected slavery states rights
• Outlawed tariffs
• Created a weak national government
• Elected Jefferson Davis as president

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• Lincoln viewed Southern secession as illegal
  promised to preserve the Union

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My paramount object in this struggle is to save
the Union, and is not either to save or to
destroy slavery. If I could save the Union
without freeing any slave I would do it, andif I
could save it by freeing all the slaves I would
do it and if I could save it by freeing some and
leaving others alone I would also do that.
Abraham Lincoln,
1862
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Fort Sumter
In April 1861, federal soldiers refused
Confederate demands to vacate at Fort Sumter in SC
The firing on Fort Sumter proved to be the
beginning of the Civil War
When Lincoln sent aid to soldiers, Confederates
fired on the fort
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Fort Sumter
Not all slave states seceded Those that stayed
in the Union were called border states
After Fort Sumter, the upper South states seceded
joined the CSA
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The Confederate States of America
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Class ActivityWhat were the advantages
disadvantages of the Union Confederacy during
the Civil War?
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Class ActivityWhat were the advantages
disadvantages of the Union Confederacy during
the Civil War?
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Northern Advantages

• At the outbreak of the Civil War, the North had
  lots of advantages
• Larger population for troops
• Greater industrial capacity
• Huge edge in RR transportation
• Problems for the North
• Had to invade the South to win
• Difficult to maintain enthusiasm support for
  war over time

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Southern Advantages

• Although outnumbered less industrial, South had
  advantages
• President Davis knew that they did not have to
  win the war the South only had to drag out the
  fight make the North quit
• Had the best military leaders
• England France appeared more willing to support
  the South

King Cotton diplomacy
Robert E Stonewall
J.E.B. Lee Jackson Stuart
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Turning Advantages into Strategy

• Based upon the advantages of both the Union
  Confederacy
• What should each sides war strategy be?
• How can each side maximize their strengths
  minimize their weaknesses in order to win?

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Northern Anaconda Plan
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Southern Offensive Defense