South East Europe Project: Sustainable Aggregate Resource Management - SARMa

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South East Europe ProjectSustainable Aggregate
Resource Management - SARMa

• Slavko Šolar, Geological Survey of Slovenia
• Deborah Shields, Colorado State University
•  

GEOLOŠKI ZAVOD SLOVENIJE
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Content

• INTRODUCTION
• Sustainbility and minerals
• Facts on aggregates
• EUROPEAN MINERAL POLICY FRAMEWORK - RAW MATERIAL
  INITIATIVE
• SUSTAINABLE MINERAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SARMa
• Challenges
• Objectives
• Description of the Partnership
• Expected results and durability

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• The sustainable development paradigm has been
  widely accepted because it explicitly recognizes
  the interconnectedness of social, economic and
  environmental systems.

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Sustainable Development

• Is based on a comprehensive and inclusive, i.e.,
  post-modern, view of systems as open, dynamic,
  and integrated

• Has overarching goals of sustainability, i.e.,
  economic prosperity, environmental health and
  social equity, that are simple and flexible
  enough to allow for multiple interpretations and
  are applicable in a variety of circumstances
• Is not a scientific concept, but rather an
  ethical precept and
• Is a policy concept in and of itself that, in
  addition, makes demands on other policies.

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Concepts

• Sustainable development
• Concept of needs
• Idea of limitations
• Future oriented,
• Process of change
• development that meets the needs of the present
  without compromising the ability of future
  generations to meet their own needs.

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• Discussions about the role of natural resources
  in sustainability tend to focus on the need to
  sustain ecosystems and maintain biodiversity.
• Individual deposits are finite in size and
  quantity. On a broader, global scale, minerals
  are seldom truly exhausted, but rather
  redistributed from their location in deposits to
  products and waste materials.

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The main goals of sustainability as applied to
minerals are to maintain the stream of benefits
to society and to do so in a manner that results
in a net benefit to society over the life of the
mine and the product.
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Once minerals are considered useful to humans and
technology has advanced to the point that they
can be processed, they are relabeled as
resources. When minerals become resources, their
abundance and availability, i.e. supply, become
important.

• Abundance is a question of geologic and economic
  stocks.
• Availability is a question of flows through the
  mineral system.

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EUROPEAN MINERAL POLICY FRAMEWORK - RAW MATERIAL
INITIATIVE

• Ensure access to raw materials on world markets
  at undistorted conditions
• Foster sustainable supply of raw materials from
  European sources
• Reduce the EUs consumption of primary raw
  materials

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II. Pillar

• Improved framework conditions that would include
  streamlining the administrative procedures,
  speeding up permitting, and also easing the
  access to land for exploration and extraction.
• Knowledge base of mineral deposits as
  prerequisite of sustainable supply, and special
  attention to land-use planning
• Improved networking among national geological
  surveys to facilitate exchange of mineral related
  information
• Guidelines for mining activities in NATURA 2000
• Promotion of research projects focused on
  extraction and procession within FP 7 program
  based on documents of European Technological
  Platform (ETP) on Sustainable mineral resources
  (SMR)
• Use of cohesion policy funding to support a range
  of research, innovation and business support
  measures for raw material exploration and
  exploitation.
• Increase the skills in mining sector and the
  public awareness of the importance of raw
  materials.

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III. Pillar

• Impetus to resource efficiency and eco-innovative
  production processes
• Promotion of research projects that focus on
  resource-efficient products
• Increased use of secondary raw materials that
  contributes to the security of supply and energy
  efficiency.
• In the relation with non-EU countries Commission
  and Member states should ensure the treatment of
  waste takes place under fair and sustainable
  conditions.
• The recycling of secondary raw materials will be
  facilitated by the full implementation and
  enforcement of relevant recycling legislation.
• Boosting the reuse or recycling of products and
  materials where a fair and transparent market is
  essential, based on agreed minimum standards,
  certification schemes where appropriate, within
  proportionate legal framework conditions, and
• Monitor renewable raw materials that are a scarce
  resource for European industry, such as the
  chemical and wood processing industries.

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Facts on aggregates

• Within the EU, the aggregate sector represents
  almost 3 of Construction Housing sector gross
  value added, just above 5 of EU economy. Main
  producers (over 400 million tons) are larger EU
  countries France, Germany and Spain.
• Price varies between 3 (south of Europe) and 8
  (mostly Scandinavian countries), while the
  majority of countries have a price ranging
  between 6,0 and 6,5 per ton of aggregate.
• Access to land is restricted for example,
  extraction is banned on more than 80 of sand and
  gravel territory.
• Aggregates are heavy and bulky. Transportation
  can add significantly to the cost of aggregate.
  Transportation range 80 is used within 35-50
  km radius in UK.
• Recycling rate of construction and demolition
  waste for use as aggregates varies from almost
  zero to up to 25 in NW Europe.

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Project Proposal

• Financial perspective 2007-2013 of the European
  Union
• Cohesion Policy gt Transnational Cooperation
  Programme gt South East European (SEE)
  Transnational Programme.
• SEE program has four priorities
• Priority Axis 2 Protection and improvement of
  the environment,
• Areas of Intervention (AoI) 2.4 Promote energy
  and resource efficiency.
• Project proposal preparation started in spring
  2008.
• Expression of Interest was submitted in summer
  2008 and was approved for second stage of
  evaluation.
• Detailed Application Form (Šolar S. et all. 2008)
  was written by partnership in late fall 2008
• Project was approved (from over 800 proposals
  SARMa was ranked as 15th) in spring 2009.

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SUSTAINABLE AGGREGATES RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

• SARMa

5th National Aggregate Symposium, 1-2 December
2009, Sheraton Hotel-Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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Project Background

• South East Europe countries are rich in
  aggregates.
• Supply is not coordinated within or across the
  area.
• Challenges are
• illegal and damaging quarries, un-reclaimed
  sites, limited recycling and community
  opposition.
• Fulfilling demand requires efficient and
  sustainable supply chain (planning, extraction,
  transport, use and recycling),
• Socio-eco friendly quarrying, to preclude
  opposition to extraction, supply bottlenecks,
  and restricted growth.

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Challenge to be addressed - I

• At the site level, the issues are high
  environmental impacts, limited recycling, need
  for stakeholder consultation and capacity, and
  lack of social license to operate.
• At the regional/national level, the issues are
  policies and regulations affecting aggregates
  that do not address resource and energy
  efficiency or EU guidelines preclude the use of
  recycled materials and industrial by-products
  and fail to address aggregate consumption in
  long-term sustainable development and spatial
  planning.
• The transnational issues are lack of capacity and
  lack of coordination on aggregates production and
  transport.

5th National Aggregate Symposium, 1-2 December
2009, Sheraton Hotel-Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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Challenge to be addressed - II

• Shifting to sustainable aggregate resource
  management (SARM) and encouraging sustainable
  supply mix (SSM) policies.
• SARM is efficient, low socio-environmental impact
  quarrying and waste management.
• SSM uses multiple sources, including recycled
  wastes and industrial by-products (slag) that
  together maximize net benefits of aggregate
  supply across generations.

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2009, Sheraton Hotel-Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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Consistency of the project with EU horizontal
policy on environmental Sustainability
Synergies with other policies, programmes and
other projects
Consistency with the local, regional and national
policies of the involved partners
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Main objectives of the project are

• to develop common approach to sustainable
  aggregate resource management (SARM) and
• to ensure sustainable supply mix (SSM) planning,
  at three scales, to ensure efficient and secure
  supply in SEE.

5th National Aggregate Symposium, 1-2 December
2009, Sheraton Hotel-Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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Local level

• a) Optimise the efficiency of primary aggregates
  production,
• b) prevent or minimize environmental impacts of
  quarrying and improve reclamation,
• c) minimize illegal quarrying by improving
  knowledge,
• d) promote recycling (construction, demolition
  quarry waste),
• e) increase interested and affected groups
  capacity.

5th National Aggregate Symposium, 1-2 December
2009, Sheraton Hotel-Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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Regional/national level

• a) Assess and quantify aggregate resources and
  relevant transportation links,
• b) develop strategies for sustainably managing
  aggregate resources, including in protected
  areas, considering aggregate resources in land
  management and use planning, and harmonizing
  policies across regions,
• c) develop guidelines and procedures for SSM
  planning.

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2009, Sheraton Hotel-Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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Transnational level

• a) Recommend methods for harmonizing SARM SMM
  transregionally and transnationally,
• b)design a multi-purpose and multi-scale
  Aggregates Intelligence System (AIS) as a
  long-term tool for know-how transfer.
• Follow-up prepare plan for a Regional Centre on
  SARM SSM, to increase capacity of all
  interested and affected groups through workshops
  training and educational materials.

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2009, Sheraton Hotel-Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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Expected results

• Local level
• More efficient aggregate extraction to maximize
  net benefits and achieve sustainable quarry
  life-cycle, more frequent adoption of best
  practices
• Fewer illegal quarries,
• Increased demolition waste recycling.
• Regional/national level
• More policies and legislation that incorporate
  principles of SARM,
• More consistent management of aggregates across
  SEE-nations,
• Greater recognition of need to plan for SSM
  supported by planning actions,
• More nations creating maps and databases of
  aggregates transportation patterns
• Transnational level
• Increased capacity through knowledge transfer
• Greater policy coordination on SARM among
  SEE-nations,
• Continuing partnership among project members
  representing ministries, regional authorities,
  chambers of commerce and industry.

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2009, Sheraton Hotel-Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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Regional distribution of project partners
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Description of the Partnership

• Expertise and responsibility
• Geographical coverage 15 partners in 10
  countries of SEE area,
• Inclusion of partners from old member states, new
  member states, and candidate countries
• Partnership ministries in charge or mining,
  regional authorities, chamber of commerce and
  industry, geological surveys, institutes and
  faculties

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Project partners (15)

1. ERDF GeoZS - Geological survey of Slovenia, SI
2. ERDF MUL - University of Leoben, AT
3. ERDF PELLA Prefectural Authority of Pella, GR
4. ERDF IGME - Institute of Geology and Mineral
   Exploration, GR
5. ERDF TUC Technical University of Crete, GR
6. ERDF MBFH Hungarian Office for Mining and
   Geology, HU
7. ERDF ER Emilia-Romagna Region - Environment,
   Soil and Coast Defense Department, IT
8. ERDF ANPAR National Association Producers of
   Recycled Aggregates, IT
9. ERDF PARMA Parma Province - Territorial
   Planning Service, IT
10. ERDF IGR National Institute for
    Research-Development in domain of Geology,
    Geophysics, Geochemistry and Remote Sensing, RO
11. ERDF FGG University of Bucharest, Faculty of
    Geology and Geophysics, RO
12. IPA MGK10 Herzeg Bosnia Canton Government
    Ministry of Economy, BiH
13. IPA RGF University of Belgrade, Faculty of
    Mining and Geology, SRB
14. 10 partner METE Ministry of Economy, Trade
    and Energy, AL (Albanian Geological Survey)
15. 10 Partner MINGORP Ministry of Economy, Labor
    and Entrepreneurship, Energy and Mining
    Directorate, HR (Croatian Geological Survey

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2009, Sheraton Hotel-Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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Project observers (8)

1. MGRS Ministry of Economy of Slovenia, SI
2. ICMM Independent Commission for Mines and
   Minerals, KOSOVO
3. HELLENIC Hellenic Quarries S.A., GR
4. PAVLIDES Pavlides S.A., GR
5. RCM Region of Central Macedonia, GR
6. ACHAIA Prefecture of Achaia, GR
7. NAMR National Agency for Mineral Resources, RO
8. WKNOE Lower Austria Economic Chamber, Crafts
   and Trades Division, AT
9. ..

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Main outputs will include

• Capacity building materials printed materials
  (manuals) on
• (1) local level aggregate operation improvements,
  
• (2) regional, national and transnational policy,
  legislation, management and supply mix,
• (3) C D waste management, tools, methods (e.g.
  life cycle analysis)
• Regional, national and transnational events.
• Results will include use of best practices,
  adoption of SARM and SSM, harmonized policies,
  and ongoing collaboration among partners.

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2009, Sheraton Hotel-Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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Summarizing and Outlook

• Expected results of SARMa-project are applicable
  across South East Europe area, enabling countries
  to implement harmonized approaches, thus
  increasing long term cooperation.
• Results will be applicable beyond SEE area, and
  will continue to be transferable via the manuals
  that describe best practices.
• Project progress can be observed on
• www.sarmaproject.eu

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2009, Sheraton Hotel-Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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THANK YOU !
5th National Aggregate Symposium, 1-2 December
2009, Sheraton Hotel-Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey