Oxygen%20Control%20and%20Measure%20System%20Development

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Oxygen Control and Measure System Development

• Divia Patel, Angie Powe, Stacey Scheib
• Advisors
• Dr. John Penn
• Dr. Paul King

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Project Definition

• The goal of this project is to design, build, and
  test a device that can monitor and control blood
  oxygen saturation levels.
• To accomplish this goal we will obtain a unit to
  measure both FiO2 and SaO2. This unit will be
  combined with a unit and the code to measure
  respiration and heart rate. The obtained data
  will be analyzed to find a correlation.

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Why care about infant retinopathy?

• Retinopathy of prematurity, formerly called
  retrolental fibroplasia, is a disease of the
  retina that prevents the eye from developing
  properly and can lead to permanent damage and
  blindness.
• Survival Rates for infants under 1000g.
• Early onset of blindness and its repercussions.

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Important Statistics

• 3800 children in US affected by ROP
• 700-800 will develop blindness
• It is the only cause of early onset so economic
  implications are greater.
• No visual memory which affects learning and
  quality of life.

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Cost Analysis

• NICU cost among most expensive types of
  hospitalization
• Improved monitoring results in better patient
  outcome and less time in hospital which leads to
  significant cost reductions
• Median cost of treatment 49,457 with average
  stay of 49 days (varies inversely with birth
  weight)
• Average cost of respiratory therapy 3112 with
  maximum value of 237,032

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What causes retinopathy?

• In premature infants, the normal growth of the
  retinal vessels stops, and abnormal new vessels
  begin to grow this is usually associated with
  fluctuation in blood oxygen levels.

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Specific Problem Our Solution

• There is still vast fluctuations in the blood
  oxygen saturation levels despite monitoring and
  control with present methods.
• Our solution creates a smart monitoring system of
  blood oxygen saturation levels that incorporates
  specific protocols to adjust delivery of oxygen.

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Coefficient of Variation

• Measured from blood gas analysis (PaO2)
• Equals standard deviation /mean
• In rat and human studies 1st five days showed
  tight correlation and likelihood of infant
  progressing to threshold ROP

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What is our objective?

• Design a smart monitoring and control system to
  minimize fluctuations in blood oxygen saturation
  levels.

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Action Plan

• Current Status
• Literature Research Performed
• Established Contacts Dr. Dan Lindstrom, Dr.
  Jackie York
• Viewed timestamped SaO2 data from Dr. Lindstrom
• Contacted Ohmeda obtained oxycap monitoring
  unit
• Contacted Benoit Dewant and Patrick Norris on
  program code for linking Simon with oxycap
  monitoring unit
• Obtained labtop to connect with oxycap and retain
  data.

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Future Goals

• Obtain timestampted FiO2, SaO2, respiratory rate,
  and heart rate data for analysis
• Design and build smart monitoring and control
  unit
• Get prototype breadboard and power supplies
• Select optical sensor and A/D converter
• Sketch tentative circuit and calculate circuit
  values
• Build analog circuit , take in vitro
  measurements, and connect analog circuit to the
  A/D converter
• Obtain oxygen sensor and oxygen blender

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Future Implications

• Standard of care between hospitals is different
• ROP numbers are very conservative
• Post-operative patients
• Frees nurses time
• Decrease NICU noise pollution
• Severe Asthma Patients
• Diving Equipment

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Weekly Scheduled Meetings

• All Group Members will work individually at their
  convenience.
• Meet as a group Weekly on Monday evenings _at_ 7pm
• Group Members meet with Dr. Penn Weekly on
  Fridays _at_ 1200 p.m.

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Highlight of Articles Read by Group Members

• Fanconi, et al. Pulse oximetry in pediatric
  intensive care Comparison with measured
  saturations and transcutaneous oxygen tension.The
  Journal of Pediatrics.
• Deckardt, et al. Noninvasive arterial hemoglobin
  oxygen saturation versus transcutaneous oxygen
  tension monitoring in the preterm infant.
  Critical Care Medicine.
• Morozoff, P.E., Evans, R.W. Closed-loop Control
  of SaO2 in the Neonate. Biomedical
  Instrumentation Technology.
• Smith, et al. Automated End-Tidal CO2 Monitoring
  in the Postoperative Patient
• Rogowski, J. Measuring the Cost of Neonatal and
  Perinatal Care. Pediatrics
• Dr. John Penn, Vanderbilt University