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Sex Cell Production

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Sex Cell Production Meiosis 11-4 Sex cells = Gametes Egg cell + Sperm cell Where have they been mentioned before? By the end of this you should know .. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Sex Cell Production


1
Sex Cell Production
  • Meiosis
  • 11-4

2
Sex cells Gametes
Egg cell Sperm cell
Where have they been mentioned before?
3
By the end of this you should know..
  1. What occurs during each stage of meiosis
  2. The difference between meiosis and mitosis

4
Answer me this.
  1. How many chromosomes do you have?
  2. How many chromosomes do your parents have?
  3. How many chromosomes do the egg cell and the
    sperm cell have?
  4. How did they form?

5
Terms to know
  • Homologous chromosomes - the male AND female
    parent chromosomes containing the same
    information found in diploid cells
  • Which set of information is expressed in you? Mom
    or Dad?

Diploid cells - 2N
6
Are gametes diploid too?
  • Haploid - contain a single set of information (N)

?
Gamete containing information from one parent
7
How do we know this?
8
And before that???
  • The father of genetics, Gregor Mendel used pea
    plants to show us the same basic ideas that
    technology has proved to us today

9
Mendel Vocab you need to know
  • Traits a characteristic that is determined by
    your genetic information
  • Genes sections of DNA that determine your
    traits
  • Alleles the different versions of a gene

10
Mendel Vocab you need to know
  • Traits eye color

Gene that determines eye color is found here on
your chromosome
11
Now that you are an expert on genetic vocabulary
  • Lets talk meiosis!!!!!!!!!!!!

12
How does the process of meiosis produce haploid
sex cells?
  • 2 Divisions are involved
  • Meiosis I - the chromosomes are replicated
    homologous chromosomes separated into different
    cells
  • Meiosis II - the sister chromatids are
    separated from each other

13
It looks like this
14
Meiosis I
Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase
I Cytokinesis
makes sex cells unique
15
In Prophase I..
  • Tetrads line up - chromosomes from mom and dad
    containing the same information (homologous
    pairs) contains 4 chromosomes

16
What happens then?
  • Crossing over occurs - portions of homologous
    chromosomes are exchanged resulting in a new
    combination of alleles

17
And during Metaphase I???
  • Independent Assortment - tetrads can line up in
    many different ways allowing for many different
    combinations of the parents traits to form in the
    sex cells

18
Independent Assortment
19
Meiosis I Review
  • Are homologues present at the end?
  • Do the cells contain one set or two sets (one
    from Mom one from Dad) of chromosomes at the
    end?
  • So are they haploid or diploid?

20
Meiosis II
No INTERPHASE!!! Prophase II Metaphase
II Anaphase II Telophase II Cytokinesis
What other process does this look like?
21
Meiosis II Review
  • What happened to the sister chromatids?
  • Are the end cells haploid or diploid?
  • Remind me..why are they called unique?

22
Check these out.
  • http//www.cellsalive.com/meiosis.htm
  • http//highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/s
    tudent_view0/chapter28/animation__how_meiosis_work
    s.html

23
Any differences? Egg vs. Sperm?
24
Meiosis Review
  • How many daughter cells are produced?
  • Are they identical to the parents? Why or why
    not?
  • Are the haploid or diploid?
  • Start your meiosis coloring

25
Classwork/Homework Meiosis Coloring
  • You will design a meiosis coloring sheet to use
    as a study guide
  • Diploid cells (2n) have green cell membranes
    haploid cells (n) have purple cell membranes
  • One Side Interphase Meiosis I
  • Divide into 6 boxes (use one box as a key with
    color codes)
  • Use pencil first and then color in
  • Draw 3 homologous pairs (red for maternal
    chromosomes and blue for paternal chromosomes)
  • Label homologous chromosomes, tetrads, crossing
    over, independent assortment, centrioles, spindle
    fibers, nucleus, sister chromatids

26
Classwork/Homework Meiosis Coloring
  • Backside Meiosis II
  • Divide onto 4 boxes
  • Use pencil first and then color in
  • Keep the previous chromosome color and number
  • Label centrioles, spindle fibers, nucleus,
    sister chromatids, chromosomes
  • If complete, they can be used for your meiosis
    quiz on _______________.
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