Chapter 3: The First People

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Chapter 3 The First People
Standard 8-1 The student will demonstrate an
understanding of the settlement of South Carolina
and the United States by Native Americans,
Europeans, and Africans. 8-1.1 Summarize the
culture, political systems, and daily life of the
Native Americans of the Eastern Woodlands,
including their methods of hunting and farming,
their use of natural resources and geographic
features, and their relationships with other
nations. (H, G, P)
Early Indian Cultures pages 70-79

• Tens of thousands of years ago, people lived in
  South Carolina.
• These people left no _______ records.
• We know they existed and lived here because of
  uncovered __________, ________, and _____.
• These uncovered items are called ______________.

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Woodland Indians page 75

• The _________ Era began about 1000 B.C. and
  lasted about 2000 years.
• Some tribes from this period were the Creek and
  Choctaw.
• Over time, the Woodland Indians began to
  ___________ plants and animals and live in
  ________.
• They started _________ along with ________ and
  _________.
• Important crops were the Three Sisters of Native
  American agriculture maize, beans, and squash.
• As a result of farming their populations _______.
• Because of farming they also started building
  permanent _________ and living in one area.
• They also started producing ________ to store
  food.

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Mississippian Indians page 76

• About 700 A.D. the Indians in South Carolina
  entered into the _________ Era, lasting about
  1600 years.
• These Indians ______ more than earlier Indians.
• Their diets depended on the ____, _____, squash,
  and pumpkins they grew.
• They also built permanent _________ and _______.
• The _______ were often built in the center of the
  villages and served two functions
• Some were used as _______ places for their dead.
• They were also used to build ______ buildings,
  _______, and the _______ house.
• Their use of hieroglyphics make them one of the
  most highly developed civilizations north of
  _______.
• Women also had important roles in Mississippian
  culture and often held the position of ____.
• The Mississippian culture is the culture
  ___________ explorers found in the 16th and 17th
  centuries.

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American Indians in South Carolina Page 79
Standard 8-1 The student will demonstrate an
understanding of the settlement of South Carolina
and the United States by Native Americans,
Europeans, and Africans. 8-1.1 Summarize the
culture, political systems, and daily life of the
Native Americans of the Eastern Woodlands,
including their methods of hunting and farming,
their use of natural resources and geographic
features, and their relationships with other
nations.
American Indians and the Europeans Page 79

• Most Europeans who came to South Carolina
  considered American Indians to be ___________.
• However, they were very civilized but just not by
  ________ standards.
• Europeans viewed Indians as childish savages,
  mistreated and took the Indians land and lives.
• _______ were the original slaves, taken from
  their homes in the Americas to work plantations
  in the Caribbean.
• Native Americans came to form a bond with
  enslaved ________ who were also treated harshly.
• ________ and _______ often intermarried and
  _______ frequently hid escaped slaves.
• Native Americans contributed greatly to the
  success of Europeans in the New World.
• Many of the foods still eaten today were
  originally cultivated by Indians and as well as
  many words and names for things and places are
  Indian.

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South Carolina Indians Pages 80-81

• By the time ________ arrived in 1492, there were
  only about 2.5 million Indians in the US and
  Canada.
• At this same time, _____ _______ only had a
  population of about 15,000.
• By 1775 only about ______ Indians remained. Why?
• Indians had little _________ to diseases brought
  by Europeans.
• The ________ in South Carolina belonged to four
  different language groups Iroquoian, Siouan,
  Algonquian, and Muskhogean.
• The __________ were the main Iroquoian speaking
  tribe in South Carolina and were the most
  important tribe living in the state.
• They lived in the northwestern part of South
  Carolina, western North Carolina, and
  northeastern Georgia.

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American Indian Culture Pages 81-84

• Divide into three groups
• Each group will find important details for
• Agriculture, Diet, and Shelter
• You have 15 minutes

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Cultural Institutions Page 84-86

• ________ differed from tribe to tribe, but
  rituals were often the primary focus.
• Though most tribes had ceremonies for many
  things, the ___ played a big part in Indian
  religion and certain ________ were worshipped.
• The believed in an afterlife and believed in
  proper burials, if not done so they believed the
  spirit of the dead continued to ____ the earth.
• Not all tribes were ______ and did not engage in
  war.
• Other tribes believed ____ was glorious they
  frequently raided neighboring tribes.
• Men were often looked down on boys until they
  could prove themselves in battle.
• Their primary weapon was the ____ and _____
  clubs and hatchets were often used.
• The greatest prize was to take the _____.
• Wars had to be considered by much discussion
  among _____ ______.
• Most wars were fought for ________ killing a
  person meant the family was to kill the murderer
  of family member regardless of self-defense.

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Government pages 86-88

• _________ structure varied from tribe to tribe.
• Most Indian governments were _____ dominated but
  _______ sometimes served as tribal leaders.
• The ____ made the final decisions but was
  assisted by a group of advisers known as the
  tribal _______.
• One member of the tribe the _______ ___ played an
  important role in both government and religion.
• Medicine men usually had a great deal of respect
  in the tribe and his word was often heeded as
  prophecy.

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Daily Life Page 88

• Everyday life of Indians in South Carolina
  centered around preparing ____ and building
  ______.
• Craft activities such as ________, basket
  weaving, and carved dugout ______.
• Clothing was made from animal hides, usually
  _____ and ____ skins.
• The Indians wasted very little using the _____,
  ligaments and tendons they will even use guts
  they even sometimes ate the guts.
• Hides could also be used to carry water.
• Indians also used ____ and _____ for medicines.
• _________ and ______ adopted many of the Indian
  remedies.
• Bathing was an very important ritual.
• Including using sweat lodges today's saunas.

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Test on Friday