Identification Samples

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Identification SamplesDay 1 Sir Walter
Raleigh/Roanoke Sir Walter Raleigh was the
founder of the colony of Roanoke. When he left
the new colony in order to get supplies in
England he was held up because Britain was at war
with Spain. He came back a couple of years later
only to find all of the settlers had vanished.
The only clue was the word Croatoan carved into
a tree. This failed attempt at settling in the
New World cost Raleigh greatly and led to the use
of joint-stock companies . . . House of
Burgesses the House of Burgesses was the first
representative government in Virginia. It was
similar to the British House of Commons. It
established some political power/rights for the
people (mostly rich plantation owners). The
effect was that it gave colonists more freedom
from England. It was a model for self-government
in the new world.
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Identification SamplesDay 2 Bacons Rebellion
Bacons Rebellion was a rebellion led by
Nathaniel Bacon against the VA political leader
William Berkeley. Bacon led the poor, landless
freemen into battle against the natives, and
burned the capital down. Berkeley regained
control, but the plantation owners saw the danger
of indentured servants who, after completing
their contract, had no money or power. Planters
would turn to slave labor, which would fuel the
southern economy and the Civil War. Virginia
Company of London The VA Company of London was
a joint stock organization that created the
colony of Virginia. After successfully setting
up a permanent colony, the VA Company of London
gave their colonists the rights of a British
citizen and allowed for the creation of
self-government.
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• The Enlightenment, the Great Awakening and the
  Making of Americans

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Essential Question

• What impact did the Great Awakening have on the
  development of American Culture?

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Colonies 1750
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Step 1 The Enlightenment comes to America

• Ben Franklin was one of the first Americans
  influenced by the Enlightenment.
• Became a deist, believing that God created the
  world, but then God stepped back allowed the
  universe to operate through the laws of nature.

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The Enlightenment Influences Religion

• As the Enlightenment began, people in the
  colonies began to question traditional religious
  beliefs.
• Puritans were not happy about the growing
  tolerance for other religious beliefs.
• Some religious leaders began to fear that secular
  (material) values were replacing spiritual values
• Religious leaders sought to bring people back to
  their religion/God

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The Great Awakening

• The Great Awakening began in the 1720s and 1730s
  in New Jersey and New England.
• It eventually swept through all colonies.
• People felt that religion was dry, dull, and
  boring.
• Fire and brimstone style of worship emerged
  stressing the importance of the individuals
  relationship with God.

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Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God

• Puritan minister Jonathan Edwards emphasized each
  persons individual relationship with God.
• Preached that men and women were completely
  helpless and that they were dependent on God.
• He used fear of punishment to coax people to
  repent of their sins.

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The God that holds you over the pit of hell,
much as one holds a spider, or some loathsome
insect, over the fire, abhors you, and is
dreadfully provoked his wrath towards you burns
like fire he looks upon you as worthy of nothing
else, but to be cast into the fire he is of
purer eyes than to bear to have you in his sight
you are ten thousand times so abominable in his
eyes as the most hateful venomous serpent is in
ours. You have offended him infinitely more than
ever a stubborn rebel did his prince and yet
tis nothing but his hand that holds you from
falling into the fire every moment tis to be
ascribed to nothing else, that you did not go to
hell the last night that you was suffered to
awake again in this world, after you closed your
eyes to sleep and there is no other reason to be
given why you have not dropped into hell since
you arose in the morning, but that Gods hand has
held you up there is no other reason to be given
why you havent gone to hell since you have sat
here in the house of God, provoking his pure eyes
by your sinful wicked manner of attending his
solemn worship yea, there is nothing else that
is to be given as a reason why you dont this
very moment drop down into hell.
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American Pietism The Great Awakening

• Pietism was a religious revival focusing on
  emotional sermons?individuals looked for a deep
  emotional connection to God in an attempt to
  respond to some of the Enlightenment ideas.
• As the Awakening proceeded it undermined the
  allegiance to the legally established churches of
  the colonies.
• Old Lights vs. New Lights

Clip God in America
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The Great Awakening

• George Whitefield British minister who traveled
  to America.
• Used raw emotional sermons.
• Preached that godly lives will bring salvation.
• His strong voice caused many to cry confess
  their sins.

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• The Great Awakening
• Emotions and shrieking are signs of faith,
  sincerity and conversion
• Emphasis on feelings
• Salvation by faith alone--Not earned by good deeds

• Puritans
• Calm, Serious, and Formal
• Emphasis on reason/measured behavior
• A virtuous life

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The Impact of the Great Awakening

• Church membership increased, temporarily.
• Led to creation of learning centers, such as
  Dartmouth, Brown, Rutgers, and Princeton.
• Challenged the authority and power of ministers
  and ultimately began to challenge the established
  powers of the land.
• United the colonies on a religious front, despite
  different faiths ? Birth of an American
  CultureWhy??

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The Development of American Culture

• Enlightenment Great
• Awakening
• American
• Culture
• Reading What is an American?

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