????? ?????? ???????? Random Access Memory RAM

1
????? ?? ???????? ? ????????? ??? ?????????

• ????? ?????? ?????? ??????

2
???? ??????? ???????? - Primary Storage Devices

• ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??
• ????? ?????? ???????? Random Access Memory RAM
• ????? ??????? ??? Read Only Memory-ROM
• ??????? ??????? ?? ???? Cache Memory

3

1. ????? ?????? ???????? Random Access Memory RAM

• ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????
  ???????.
• ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????
  ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? , ??? ???? ???
  ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? , ???
  ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ????????? .
• ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ????
  ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ????? .
• ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????
  Internal Storage .
• ????? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????????
  ?????? ??????? ? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????
  ????? ??? (1 , 0)

4

1. ????? ?????? ???????? Random Access Memory RAM

• ??? ????? ??? ???????
• ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????
  ????????.
• ????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????.
• ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????.
• ????? ??????? ???????? (?????????) ??????? ??????
  ?????.

5

1. ????? ??????? ??? Read Only Memory-ROM

• ????? ??? ??????? ? ???????? ???????? ???????
  ?????? ??????????.
• ??? ???????? ? ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ???
  ?????? ???????.
• ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????
  ?????????
• ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???????
  ????? ? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????
  ???????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???????.

6

1. ??????? ??????? ?? ???? Cache Memory

• ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????
  ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? .
• ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???????
  ????????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????????
  ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????????.
• ???? ??? ??????? ?????? 512 ???? ????.

7
??? ???????? ??? RAM ?ROM
RAM ROM ??? ????????
?????? ?????? ????? ???????
??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????
??? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????
?????? ???? ??????? ? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????
8
??????? ????????

• ??????? ????????
• ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????
  ????????.
• ???? ?? ??????? ROM ????? ??????? ???????? ??
  ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????
  ???????.
• ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?
  ????
• ??????? ?????????? (?? ????????) Virtual
  Memory??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? (RAM).
• ?????? ?? ????? ????? HD.
• ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???????
  ?????? ?????? ????????.

9
????? ??????? ???????? - Secondary Storage
Devices

• ????? ??? ??????? ???
• ?????????? ??????
• ?????????? ??????
• ?????????? ????????
• ????????? ??????? ???????? ???????
• ?????? ???????
• ????? ??????

10
???? ??????? ???????? - Secondary Storage
Devices

• - 1?????????? ?????? Hard Disks
• ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??????.
• ???? ???? ????? ? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ????????
  (CPU).
• ????? ????????? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ??? ???
  ????? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???
  ??????? ??? ??????.
• - 2?????????? ?????? Floppy Disks
• ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? (???????? ???? 3.5
  ???? ? ???????? ???? 5.25 ???? ) ? ???? ?????????
  ?????.

11
???? ??????? ???????? - Secondary Storage
Devices

• - 3 ?????????? ???????? (???????? ?????? CD)
  Compact Disks
• ?????????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????
  ???? ?????
• ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ? ?????
  ???????.
• ??? ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ? ????? ????? ???.
• ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????
  ??? ??? ????? ???.

12
???? ??????? ???????? - Secondary Storage
Devices

• 4 - ?????????? ??????? ???????? ???????(Digital
  Versatile Disk DVD)
• ?? ??? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????
  ?????? 10-2???? ???? ?? ?????????.
• ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?????
  ???????.
• ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ? ?????
  ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????????.
• ?? ????? ??????? DVD ????????? ???? ?? ???????
  ?? CD .

13
?????? ??????? Magnetic Tape

• ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????????
  ???? ? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????
  ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????
  ???????? ???? . ??????? ???? ????? ?????
• ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????
  ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????
  ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??????.
• ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ????
  ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ???
  ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????
  ????????.
• ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????.

14
?????? ??????? Magnetic Tape

• ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???????tape drive) )
  ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??
• ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????.
• ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ????????.
• ?????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ??????.
• ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????
  ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????.
• ????? ??? ??????? (???? ???????? ??????? ??
  ?????? ?????????? )??? ??? ????? ?????
• ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???
  ??? ??? ?????? ??? 2400 ??? ?? ???? ?? ???.
• ????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????
  ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? character per inch
  CPI ?????? ????? ?????? ????? 80 ????? ?? ?????
  ?????? ? 160 ????? ?? ????? ??????.

15
??? ???????? ??? ????? ?????????? ? ??????
??????????
????? ??????
???? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????
?????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????
???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????
???? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???????
???? ????? ???? ????
?????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????
????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ? ????? ???????