BLOOD

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BLOOD
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• Blood transports substances and maintains
  homeostasis in the body
• Only fluid tissue in human body

Hematophobia fear of blood
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Hematocrit - volume of blood cells in a sample,
should be 45. The remaining fluid is plasma
(55). To determine the percentages, blood is
placed in a centrifuge
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Three Types of Blood Cells red blood cells
(erythrocytes)white blood cells
(leukocytes)platelets (thrombocytes)
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Biconcave discs 5 million per cubic
millimeter Lack nuclei
HEMATOPOEISIS formation of blood cells (bone
marrow) Liver Spleen - phagocytosis
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Elements Critical to RBC Production

• Folic Acid
• Vitamin B12
• Iron
• Too few RBC anemia

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Oxygen Levels

• Oxyhemoglobin plenty of oxygen bright red
• Deoxyhemoglobin low in O2, bluish red

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WHITE BLOOD CELLS(Leukocytes)

• General function is to protect the body against
  disease
• There are several different kinds of WBCs

Granulocytes (granular cytoplasm) Neutrophils,
Eosinophils, Basophils Agranulocytes (lacking
granular cytoplasm) Monocytes, Lymphocytes
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Neutrophil (nucleus has several lobes)
Active phagocytes 60 of WBC Present in the pus
of wounds
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Basophil
Produces Heparin and Histamines Important in
Inflammatory Reaction 1 WBC
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Eosinophil
Mainly attack parasites 2 WBC
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Monocyte (larger cell, horseshoe shaped nucleus)
Become macro-phages
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Lymphocyte(nucleus is dark and takes up almost
whole cell almost no cytoplasm seen)
Defense against invaders Yield Antibodies 30 WBC
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Left Lymphoctye Right Neutrophil
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Platelets (thrombocytes)

• Blood clots and vessel repair

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Plasma Proteins

• Albumins blood pressure
• Globulins (alpha, beta, gamma) transport lipids
  and antibodies for immunity
• Fibrinogen important for blood clotting
• Fibrogen Fibrin

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PLASMA
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This machine removes the plasma from the blood
and returns the RBCs to the donor.
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HEMOSTASIS

• The process of stopping bleeding
• Involves the coagulation and clotting of the
  blood to seal the site of damage

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• Blood Vessel Spasm
• Platelet plug
• Blood coagulation
• conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
• thrombin is an enzyme that causes the conversion

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Hemostasis
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• THROMBUS blood clot (abnormal)
• EMBOLUS when the clot moves to another place.