Simple Machines: lever, pulley, wheel and axle and incline

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Simple Machines lever, pulley, wheel and axle
and incline

• Group LL

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The Lever

• By Sean Rzeplinski

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Type one lever

• This type of lever is a pivot point in the middle
  of a beam where there is a load on one side and
  an effort on the other. With this type of lever
  you can lift a larger load with less effort, but
  it is only moved a small distance.

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Type two lever

• This type of lever has the pivot on the end with
  the load in between the pivot and the effort.
  With this type of lever you can still move a
  larger load with less effort

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Type three lever

• This type of lever has the pivot on the end with
  the effort in the middle and the load on the
  other end. This type of lever has the effort
  greater than the load.

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Pulleys
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Pictures of Pulleys

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What is a Pulley?

• A pulley is a mechanism composed of a wheel with
  a groove between two flanges around the wheels
  circumference.
• A rope, cable or belt usually runs inside the
  groove.
• Pulleys are used to
• change the direction of an applied force
• Transmit rotational motion
• Realize a mechanical advantage in either a linear
  or rotational system of motion

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Equations

• Necessary Force
• If there are 4 pulleys with a weight of 14 N,the
  weight is 2.0 N
• F (14.o N 2.0 N) 4
• 4.00 N

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Compound Machine

• Different Machines
• Pulleys
• Incline
• Wheel and axle

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Compound Machine 2

• Other Machines
• Pulleys
• Incline
• Wheel and Axle

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Bibliography

• http//library.thinkquest.org/27948/pulley.html
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulley

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Wheel Axle

• By Olubode Afuape

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Wheel Axle

• Wheel Axle is a simple machine.
• This form of a simple machine consists of a wheel
  that turns an axle and while it turns the wheel,
  a rope or string converts the rotational motion
  to linear motion for the purpose of moving, or
  lifting.

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• All wheels need an axle to function. The wheel
  and axle must move together for it to become a
  simple machine.

Wheel
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Ideal Mechanical Advantage

• What is the ideal mechanical advantage?
• Ideal mechanical advantage is the ratio of the
  radius of the wheel to the radius of the axle.
• An example would be in the picture below the, the
  radius of the wheel is five times larger than the
  radius of the axle. Therefore, the mechanical
  advantage is 51 or 5.

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Change the Force

• Every simple machine changes the amount of force
  needed. In Wheel axle, less energy is used to
  change the force, this is because the object is
  already rolling, allowing it to have less
  friction and be easier to move then when static.

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Compound Machine

• List of Simple machines
• Pulley
• Wheel Axle

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• List of Simple Machines
• Wheel Axle
• Screw
• Pulley
• Lever

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• List of Simple Machines
• Wheel Axle
• Pulley
• Screw
• Lever

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Bibliography

• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_and_axle
• http//classroom.jc-schools.net/coleytech/units/m
  achines/Wheels_and_Axles.ppt271,5,Slide 5
• http//www.usoe.k12.ut.us/curr/Science/sciber00/8
  th/machines/sciber/machine7.htm
• http//www.worsleyschool.net/science/files/wheel/a
  ndaxle.html
• http//www.fi.edu/pieces/knox/automaton/wheel.htm

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Help info

• Wheel and axle notion (e.g. screwdrivers,
  doorknobs) A wheel is essentially a lever with
  one arm the distance between the axle and the
  outer point of the wheel, and the other the
  radius of the axle. Typically this is a fairly
  large difference, leading to a proportionately
  large mechanical advantage. This allows even
  simple wheels with wooden axles running in wooden
  blocks to still turn freely, because their
  friction is overwhelmed by the rotational force
  of the wheel multiplied by the mechanical
  advantage.

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Incline
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• By moving an object up an inclined plane rather
  than completely vertical, the amount of force
  required is reduced, at the same time increasing
  the distance the object has to travel.
• Example Roman soldiers built an inclined plane
  out of earth and clay to lay siege to the Masada
  in 73 b.c.

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Inclined Plane

• An incline plane is a plane surface that is set
  at an angle, other than a right angle, against a
  horizontal surface.
• Examples of inclines are ramps, sloping roads,
  chisels, hatchets, plows, air hammers.
• Another common name for the incline is a ramp.

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Force

• The normal force is exerted by the plane onto the
  body. (N)
• The force due to the gravity acts vertically
  downward (mg)
• And the frictional force acts parallel to the
  plane (F)

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Treadmill
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(No Transcript)
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Roller Coasters
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• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inclined_plane
• http//www.ac.wwu.edu/vawter/PhysicsNet/Topics/Dy
  namics/InclinePlanePhys.html
• http//www.inclinedplane.com/