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Playing for Keeps in Hamilton: Sport and City Redevelopment

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Playing for Keeps in Hamilton: Sport and City Redevelopment James R. Dunn, Ph.D. CIHR-PHAC Chair in Applied Public Health Associate Professor, of Health, Aging ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Playing for Keeps in Hamilton: Sport and City Redevelopment


1
Playing for Keeps in Hamilton Sport and City
Redevelopment
  • James R. Dunn, Ph.D.
  • CIHR-PHAC Chair in Applied Public Health
  • Associate Professor, of Health, Aging Society,
    McMaster University
  • Scientist, Centre for Research on Inner City
    Health, St. Michaels Hospital
  • Fellow, Successful Societies Program, Canadian
    Institute for Advanced Research

2
Why Does Sport Matter?
  • For millenia, sport has been a central feature of
    social and cultural life
  • Also a significant feature of urban life
  • Sport is a source of economic activity
  • Its facilities represent important physical
    assets
  • Participation in sport has many virtues
  • Gain experience with teamwork, rewards of
    perserverance, etc.

3
History of Sport Civil Society I
  • Importance of sport for Western societies
    traceable at least to 776 BCE
  • First written records of Olympics at this date
  • Olympics continued for 600 yrs until Romans
    ended them in 393 CE
  • Romans credited with first making sport a
    profession in 310 BCE
  • Gladatorial games and establishment of training
    centres for athletes

4
History of Sport Civil Society II
  • Romans also used sport facilities as a central
    component of the design of cities from Rome
    through the Decapolis
  • (the 10 cities on the Eastern edge of the empire)
    to Pula (Croatia)
  • Roman cities had sports facilities or performing
    arts venues at their centre
  • this design for cities was emulated in the 1980s
    and 1990s when several cities that were old
    centers of manufacturing focused on plans to
    rebuild declining downtown areas.

5
Global Games, Local Legacies
  • Major international sporting events require large
    public investments
  • To justify such spending, it is imperative that
    there is a strong legacy for the public at large,
    not just sport enthusiasts
  • Critics argue that the return seldom justifies
    the investment
  • Efforts to create broad-based legacies must be
    aligned with existing local initiatives
  • Will maximize leverage in both directions

6
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7
How Can Sport Promote Healthy Communities? Direct
Means
  • Spark physical activity cognition
  • Obesity
  • Meaningful activity
  • Belongingness
  • Social skills
  • Life skills
  • Teamwork

8
Neighbourhood Development Framework
  • Local policy levers can / need to address
  • Physical capital land, buildings, streets,
    heritage architecture, natural features, etc.
  • Economic capital household disposable income,
    business capital, employment, etc.
  • Human capital skills, knowledge, credentials,
    capacity, health vitality human capital devt
    retention
  • Social capital collective efficacy, trust in
    neighbours institutions, mutual reciprocity
  • Cultural capital place identity and image,
    cultural knowledge, symbolic goods

9
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10
Alignment Between Sporting Events and
Neighbourhood Devt Framework
  • Physical capital sport venues can provide iconic
    architecture needed high-performance facilities
  • Economic capital little net regional economic
    benefit, but can redistribute socially
    spatially
  • Human capital sport can enhance human capital
    production and human capital retention
  • Social capital many stabilizing institutions
    exist through sport, sport a vehicle for much
    civic participation
  • Cultural capital sport can be a vehicle for
    creating place identity social identity for
    groups

11
Alignment Between Sporting Events and
Neighbourhood Devt Framework
  • Physical capital sport venues can provide iconic
    architecture needed high-performance facilities

12
Alignment Between Sporting Events and
Neighbourhood Devt Framework
  • Human capital sport can enhance human capital
    production and human capital retention
    (Rosentraub)
  • human capital needed to grow the service economy
    is attracted by and to what Pine and Gilmore
    (1999) described as the experience economy.
  • Businesses need to attract and retain the best
    talent need locations that had the highest
    quality of life, the best mix of amenities, and a
    set of large-scale and neighborhood-based
    entertainment experiences
  • There is room for all to benefit from this
    diversity is one of the factors that contributes
    to such quality of life, and economic provides
    jobs

13
Alignment Between Sporting Events and
Neighbourhood Devt Framework
  • Economic capital little net regional economic
    benefit, but can redistribute socially
    spatially
  • E.g., Social purchasing portal for services can
    stimulate social entrepreneurs as suppliers to
    the sporting events

14
Alignment Between Sporting Events and
Neighbourhood Devt Framework
  • Social capital many stabilizing institutions
    exist through sport, sport a vehicle for much
    civic participation
  • Social capital has been defined as institutions
    that facilitate the development of relationships
    of mutual reciprocity embedded in social networks
    that enable actiongenerate trust, establish
    expectations, and create norms (Misener and
    Mason, 2006 43)
  • one does not need to be a sports fan to benefit
    from the social capital sport can produce for a
    city (Rosentraub 2008)

15
Alignment Between Sporting Events and
Neighbourhood Devt Framework
  • Cultural capital sport can be a vehicle for
    creating place identity social solidarity and
    belonging for groups
  • The image of some of Hamiltons unique nhoods can
    be enhanced through affiliation with specific
    events or cultural groups participating in the
    games

16
Conclusions
  • Great potential for alignment between legacy
    projects and current priorities in Hamilton
  • Stocks of capital physical, economic, social,
    human and cultural can be enhanced thru major
    sport events to be drawn upon indefinitely
  • Best to have a focused agenda do a few things
    well and consider what concrete contribution will
    be made to Hamiltons capitals
  • Any evaluation strategy must have a clear
    framework to align goals and outcomes

17
www.crunch.mcmaster.ca_at_UrbanHealthProf
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