?p?st?

1
?p?st?µ??????? d??stas? t?? ??da?t???? t??
?a??µat????
Jean Dieudonné (1906-1992)
? ?µ?da Nicolas Bourbaki, t? de?aet?a t?? 1930
2
??t?p?at????? ???? e??? e?p??s?p?? t??
???te???? ?a??µat????
3
? Piaget ??a? ap? t??? st???ß?te? t?? d?µ????
t??p?? s?????
?a? ? Piaget ??a?e ??p??a a?t?p?at????? ????.
Jean Piaget (1896-1980)
4
?? ????a??e? f???s?f???? ap??e?? st?? ??sµ? t??
µa??µat????
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??at???sµ??
http//www.phil.cmu.edu/projects/bernays/Pdf/plato
nism.pdf
Kurt Gödel   (1906-1978)
Paul Bernays (1888-1977)
S?µf??a µe t?? p?at???sµ? ta µa??µat??? st???e?a
?p?????? p??t?te, ?? a???pa??te? µeµ???µ??e?
a???e?e?, a?e???t?ta ap? t??? a????p???. ???? t??
µa??µat???? e??a? ?a a?a?a?????? a?t?? t??
a???e?e?.
6
F??µa??sµ?? t?p??at??a
S?µf??a µe t?? f??µa??sµ? ta ?a??µat???
ap?te????ta? ap? t?p??? s?µß??a ?a? e?f??se??,
p?? ? µa??µat???? ta ?e????eta? µe
p???a????sµ????? ?a???e?. ?? s?µß??????
pa?ast?se?? a?t?µet?p????ta? ????? ?aµ?a
a?af??? st? s?µas?a t???, st? ???µ? t???.
David Hilbert (1862-1943)
7
??????? Tet???sµ??
Rudolf Carnap (1891-1970)
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?? ??se?? t?? ??????? Tet???sµ??

• ? ??????? Tet???sµ?? asp??eta? t?? ap??e?? t??
  F??µa??sµ??.
• ??e? ?? ß?s? t? ?a??µat??? ?????? ?a?
  ep??e?t???e? t? e?d?af???? t?? sta ?eµ???a t??
  ?a??µat???? ?a? st??? s??ta?t????? ?e???sµ??? t??
  µa??µat???? s?µß????.
• ?p????pte? t?? ?p??ad?p?te e?as????s? µe t?
  p?a?s?? a??de???? ? d?aµ??f?s?? t?? µa??µat????
  ???se??, ?p?st??????ta? ?t? a?t? s???fa??eta? µe
  t? µetaf?s???, ap? t?? ?p??a ap?stas??p??e?ta?
  ?e????ta? a?t? ?? µ?a µ? ep?st?µ????? ?e???s?.
• ??t??eta d??e? ?µfas? st? p?a?s?? d??a??????s?? ?
  ?eµe???s??.

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? ep?d?as? t?? ??????? Tet???sµ?? st?? e?pa?de?s?
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?? p?e?µa t?? ?et???sµ?? st?? ????????a
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? µeta????µ?s? t?? e?pa?de?s?? t?? 1960 µe t?
d?µ??? s???? st? ep??e?t??

• ? µ??f?s? µe ß?s? t?? d?µ?? s????? ?ta? ?
  ?e?t????? ????a? t?? µeta????µ?s?? t?? 1960.
• ?? ????a??? f??µa??st??? p?e?µa eµp?d?se t??
  ed?a??s? t??.
• ?p? t? 1980 ?a? µet? ????e µ?a st??f? p??? t??
  ?ata???s? t?? f?s?? t?? ep?st?µ?????? ???s?? ?a?
  t?? ?a??µat????.

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? ?a????? ep?st?µ?????a ?? µ?a ??a p???pt???
Gaston Bachelard (1884-1962)
Jules Henri Poincaré (1854-1912)
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??? ep?st?µ??????? ?e?µa st?? ???
Thomas Kuhn (1922-1996)
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G??st??? ????????a
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? µ? d??µat??? p??s????s? sta ?a??µat??? t??
Lakatos
? µa??µat??? ???s? e??a? ep?sfa???, d??. ta
ap?te??sµata t?? µa??µat???? d?ast????t?t??,
µa?? µe t?? ?????e? ?a? t?? ap?de??e??, de?
µp????? p?t? ?a ?e??????? ?? te?es?d??a, a???
?p??e??ta? p??t?te se a?a?atas?e???
?a? a?a?e???se?? ?? s???pe?a t?? a??a??? t??
???t????? a?st???t?ta?, ? t?? ???? apa?t?se??, ?
t?? a??d?s?? ???? s?µas???.
Imre LAKATOS (1922-1974)
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F???s?f??? ?p?ßa??? t?? ??da?t???? t?? ?a??µat????

• ??a??????ta? d?? ?ate????se??
• ? ap???t???at???, p?? pe???aµß??e? t??
  F??µa??sµ?, t?? ?????? Tet???sµ? ?a? t??
  ??at???sµ?.
• ?a? ? µ? ap???t???at???, p?? pe???aµß??e? t??
  ap??e?? t?? Lakatos, t?? ???st???? ep?st?µ?? ?a?
  t?? ???st????t?ß?sµ??.

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?? e??a? ep?st?µ?????a
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? ep?st?µ?????a ?? ßas???? ????a? t?? ??da?t????
t?? ?a??µat????