Unit 3: Global Interactions (1200-1650)

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Unit 3 Global Interactions (1200-1650)

• Global History II Review

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Early Japanese Feudalism

• Geography Mountainous Archipelago
• Forced Japan to be Isolated from Asia
• Shintoism
• Traditional religion of Japan
• Worshiped Kami- spirits found in everything
• Cultural Diffusion from Korea and China
• Chinese writing
• Buddhism (Zen Buddhism) and Confucianism

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Early Japanese Feudalism

• Feudal Japan (1100s)
• Similar social structure to European system
• Shogun, Daimyo, Samurai, Peasants, Merchants
• Samurai lived by a Code of Bushido (loyalty)
• Tokugawa Shogun
• Centralized feudal government
• Cultural advances
• Kabuki theater
• Haiku poetry

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Mongols and Their Impact

• Rise of the Mongols (1100s)
• Genghis Khan expanded empire (military)
• Conquered Eastern Europe to Middle East
• Conquered China under Kublai Khan (1279)
• Yuan Dynasty absorbed Chinese society
• Mughal Dynasty ruled India
• Akbar the Great was tolerant to Hindu beliefs

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Mongols and Their Impact

• Mongol Impact
• Destroyed and Conquered much of Asia
• Russia Absolutist Government and Isolation
• China Prosperity
• Pax Mongolia and Global Trade
• Silk Road brought wealth (traders like Marco
  Polo)
• Decline of Mongol Empire
• Too large and diverse an empire to rule
• Deaths of strong leaders

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Global Trade and Interactions

• Expansion of Chinese Trade
• 1405-1433 Zheng He explored SEA for the Ming
  Dynasty trading Silk and porcelain
• Major Trade Routes
• Indian Ocean trade between Asia and Africa
• Mogadishu becomes a major trade center
• Overland Trade Silk Road
• Mediterranean Sea

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Global Trade and Interactions

• Resurgence of European Trade (1300s)
• Crusades inspired trade with Asia and ME
• Italian City-States emerged as trade centers for
  items coming to Europe from Asia
• Trade fairs took place where trade routes met
• Hanseatic League- trade on North and Baltic
• The Bubonic Plague (Black Death)
• Came from Asia through trade caravans
• Killed much of European population
• Weakened economy and status of the Church
• Decline of feudalism

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Resurgence of Europe

• Commercial Revolution
• Growth of towns and a middle class
• Formation of guilds (trade unions)
• Capitalism developed
• Development of banking systems
• System of feudalism declined as serfs moved to
  cities for economic opportunities

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Resurgence of Europe

• Renaissance (1300s to 1500s)
• Rebirth of knowledge from Greco-Romans
• Humanism- focus on the present
• Artistic achievements flourished
• Italy Michelangelo DaVinci, Flemish painters
• Literature developed and flourished
• Used Vernacular language
• Focused on life
• Shakespeare and Machiavelli (The Prince)

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Resurgence of Europe

• Printing Press (1456)
• Mass production of books
• Increased literacy rates
• Spread ideas rapidly
• Causes of Reformation (1520s)
• Ideas of the Renaissance (Humanism)
• Kings seeking to gain power from Church
• Corruption and Abuses in the Church

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Resurgence of Europe

• Protestant Reformation
• Martin Luther posts his 95 Theses sparking
  discussion and change
• John Calvin builds on ideas of Luther
• Henry VIII breaks with Church over annulment
• Counter (Catholic) Reformation
• Catholic Church attempted to keep Catholics and
  convert others
• Little change within the Church

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Resurgence of Europe

• Rise of Nation-States
• Growth of royal power in France and England
• Limited monarchy in England
• Magna Carta- document limited Kings power
• Parliament- representative assembly
• Anglican Church develops in England

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African Civilizations

• Geography
• Savanna grass lands with good soil
• Desert large part of continent (Sahara)
• Traditional Society and Culture
• Villages with families making up basic unit of
  society
• Believe in forces of nature and spirits
• Polytheistic

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African Civilizations

• Rise and Fall of African Kingdoms (800-1600)
• Ghana known for gold and salt trade
• Spread of Islam
• Mali was led by Mansa Musa (Muslim)
• Songhai expanded through military conquest
• Axum traded with Africa, India, and Med. Sea