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Christian History of Jerusalem

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Christian History of Jerusalem Most Sacred place on earth for Christians Church of the Holy Sepulcher, built by Constantine s mother Place of the crucifixion of Jesus – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Christian History of Jerusalem


1
Christian History of Jerusalem
  • Most Sacred place on earth for Christians
  • Church of the Holy Sepulcher, built by
    Constantines mother
  • Place of the crucifixion of Jesus
  • Burial place of Jesus
  • Jerusalem had been in Christian Hands for 300
    years.

2
Holy Sepulcher Church
3
Roman Catholicvs.Eastern Orthodox
  • East and West had a difference of opinion and
    caused a religious split
  • Roman Catholics follow the Pope
  • Eastern Orthodoxcorrect belief and does not
    follow the Pope, but the Emperor of Byzantine who
    was considered divinely inspired and therefore,
    never wrong

4
Justinian
  • Byzantine Emperor from 527-565 A.D.
  • Tried to re-conquer Roman Empire to the West
  • Had laws simplified and written down (Justinian
    Code)
  • Massive building program in Constantinople
  • Justinian Code and building program had
    long-lasting positive effects
  • Wars for the West wasted lots of money and lost
    many men

5
(No Transcript)
6
Muslim History of Jerusalem
  • Most sacred place on earth for the Muslims
  • Place of the ascension of Mohammad into paradise
  • Rock of ascension found in 637 A.D. covered in
    garbage and dung made Muslims furious
  • Muslims swore they would slain Christians on
    this spot for disrespect

7
Key Muslim Terms
  • Islam
  • Muslim
  • Koran
  • Mecca
  • 5 Pillars
  • Jihad

8
Islam Muslim
  • Islam surrender to God
  • Muslim the surrendering ones

9
The Koran
  • The book of Mohammads words written down after
    his death
  • Written in Arabic and ONLY Arabic version
    considered to be word of God
  • Arabic is the ONLY language used in Muslim worship

10
The Koran
11
Mecca
  • City on Saudi Arabia
  • Birthplace of Mohammad in 570 A.D.

12
5 Pillars of Islam
  • Faith
  • Prayer
  • Alms
  • Fasting
  • Pilgrimage

13
Faith
  • Must make this statement,
  • I testify there is no god but God, and Muhammad
    is his prophet.

14
Prayer
  • Must pray 5 times a day.
  • Remove shoes
  • Turn to Mecca
  • Kneel with forehead on the ground
  • Recite a formal prayer

15
Alms
  • Must give a portion of wealth to help the needy
  • Same idea as Tithing (as practiced in the
    Christian and Jewish faiths)

16
Fasting
  • During month of Ramadan, followers expected to
    fast from sunrise to sunset.
  • Then a family dinner would occur at sunset.

17
Pilgrimage
  • Once in a lifetime, those who could afford to,
    were expected to make a pilgrimage to Mecca.

18
Jihad
  • War for God is just
  • If killed during a Jihad, you receive immediate
    entry to paradise

19
Holy Wars
20
Arab Rule
  • Arab Rulers were tolerant
  • All non-Muslims had 3 choices
  • Convert to Islam
  • Pay a reasonable tax
  • Die

21
2 Class System
  • Mohammad preached that ALL Muslims were equal,
    but
  • A 2 class system emerged
  • Upper Class Arab Muslims
  • Lower Class non-Arab Muslims
  • Christians and Jews ranked below both, but not
    treated too differently b/c they were monotheists

22
Judaism 2000 B.C. Christianity 33 A.D. Islam 632 A.D.
God God God
Abraham, Moses Abraham, Moses, Jesus Abraham, Moses, Jesus, Mohammad
Torah Old Testament Bible Old and New Testaments Koran (Quran) Bible and book of Mohammad
Synagogue No after life Church Heaven Mosque Paradise
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