The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

1
The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
2
The Ottoman Empire Lost in WWI

• From the Palestinian perspective
• The Ottomans were Turks but at least they were
  Muslims.
• As a result of WWI, the empire was broken up.

3
British Mandate 1920-1947

• A mandate means that you are controlling a region
  temporarily.
• You are preparing the region for independence.

4
Balfour Declaration

• The Palestinians did not trust the British.
• In 1917, the Jewish British Foreign Secretary,
  Arthur James Balfour, called for the creation of
  a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

5
The Holocaust

• Jews who were fortunate enough to survive the
  holocaust immigrated to Palestine in mass.

6
1947 UN Partition Plan

• The British turned over this problem to the
  United Nations.
• The 1947 partition plan called for 2 nations with
  Jerusalem under UN control.
• The Palestinians totally rejected this plan.

7
1948 War of Independence

• The Jews not only fought the Palestinians, but
  the surrounding Arab nations attacked.
• Miraculously, the Jews won and Israel was born.

8
Arab Neighbors

• Why would Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia
  care?
• This was, and is, seen as an insult to Islam.
• Furthermore, Jerusalem is a significant city to
  all Muslims.

9
Wars between Israel and Arab Neighbors

• (Remember War for Independence during 1948)
• 1956 Suez Crisis
• 1967 Six-Day War
• 1973 Yom Kippur War
• Short Conflicts
• Israel won each war
• Each ended without a peace agreement

10
1967 Six-Day War

• The Arab neighbors tried to gang up on Israel
  again.
• The Israelis prevailed and occupied 3 important
  territories
• West Bank from Jordan
• Gaza Strip from Egypt
• Golan Heights from Syria

11
Camp David Accords 1978

• In 1978, Israel and Egypt signed the only peace
  treaty between Israel and its Arab neighbors.
• Anwar Sadat the Egyptian president was
  assassinated for this act in 1981.

12
The Palestinian Liberation Organization

• The goal is to destroy Israel.
• Recognize they cannot defeat Israel
  conventionally (with the use of their military)
• Hence, they resort to terrorism or targeting
  civilians.
• The PLO has evolved today into Hamas.

13
Intifada 1987 to 1993

• Arab word that means to shake off.
• Israel is about 20 Palestinian.
• A general violent Palestinian uprising against
  Israeli rule in Israel and the occupied
  territories.

14
Oslo Accords 1993

• Yasser Arafat the leader of the PLO shaking hands
  with Yitzhak Rabin the leader of Israel.
• The PLO accepted Israels existence.
• Israel accepted the creation of a future
  Palestinian state in the occupied territories

15
The Situation Today

• There still is no Palestinian state.
• The Israelis are not willing to leave the
  occupied territories until the Palestinian
  Authority demonstrates it can prevent future acts
  of terrorism.
• In the meantime, many Israelis want to
  permanently annex the occupied territories and
  are creating settlements in them.

16
Palestinian Terrorism
17
West Bank Settlements
18
Borders of Israel History

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  ist_1973.jpg