British North America (1700-1763) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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British North America (1700-1763)

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Title: British North America (1700-1763)


1
British North America(1700-1763)
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Just a bit of catchup and backdrop
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  • A Diverse Set of Colonies
  • The Northern Colonies
  • Economy based on trade and shipping
  • Booming Businesses drew immigrant indentured
    servants to the
  • The Southern Colonies
  • Economy based on plantation farming
  • Gentry class established which differed from poor
    back country

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  • Pennsylvania
  • New Jersey
  • Massachusetts
  • Georgia
  • South Carolina
  • North Carolina
  • Connecticut
  • Delaware
  • Maryland
  • Rhode Island
  • New York
  • New Jersey
  • New Hampshire

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  • II. Black Culture and the Slave South
  • African culture mixed with British culture in the
    southern colonies
  • Animist beliefs replaced by Christianity became
    slave spirituality
  • Unique Black American culture emerged inside of
    slavery
  • Rebellion
  • Less rebellion in North America that the
    Caribbean and Brazil
  • Slaves in North America had some agency

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  • III. A Successful Empire
  • Britains empire was large and growing.
  • Union of Scotland and subjugation of the Irish
  • Colonies stretching from Canada to the Caribbean
  • To gain and protect colonies- constant war with
    Catholics (Spain and France)
  • Achieving goals of mercantilism
  • Raw materials (lumber, furs, fish, tobacco, and
    sugar) shipped to Britain
  • Manufactured goods shipped from Britain to the
    colonies
  • Taxes and fees were used to finance the strong
    British Navy and to make members of parliament
    rich men.

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  • When Britain first, at heaven's command,
  • Aro-o-o-ose from out the a-a-a-zure main,
  • Arose, arose, arose from out the a-azure main,
  • This was the charter, the charter of the land,
  • And guardian A-a-angels sang this strain
  • Rule Britannia!
  • Britannia rule the waves
  • Britons never, never, never shall be slaves.
  • Rule Britannia!
  • Britannia rule the waves.
  • Britons never, never, never shall be slaves.
  • The nations, no-o-o-o-ot so blest as thee,
  • Must i-i-i-i-in their turn, to ty-y--yrants fall,
  • Must in, must in, must in their turn, to
    ty-y-rants fall,
  • While thou shalt flourish, shalt flourish great
    and free,
  • The dread and e-e-e-e-nvy of them all.
  • Rule Britannia!

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  • IV. A Proud and Commercial People
  • The vast majority of colonists in North America
    felt proud of their identity as members of the
    British Empire.
  • pride in their Protestantism
  • belief in representative government
  • fear and hatred of the Catholic threat
  • satisfaction with the protection that the British
    Empire gave to their property
  • ability to make money in the maritime commercial
    system.

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  • Whats so great about being British?
  • Why would an old-school New England Puritan be a
    bit peeved by 1760?

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  • V. A Hierarchy of Opportunity
  • Poor and rich separated by customs and culture
    but not by wealth
  • Opportunity to own land
  • Among the least taxed people in the western world
    in the 1700s
  • Gap between rich and poor growing each year

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  • VII. Awakening and Enlightenment
  • The Great Awakening
  • More religious diversity
  • Separation of church and state
  • The Enlightenment
  • Non-religious movement that questioned authority
    and established institutions (politics, slavery,
    the church)
  • Started in Europe and moved to colonies where
    ideas debated in salons and coffee houses- mostly
    among the

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  • Why are books and libraries such a big deal?

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Explain in your own words what the
Enlightenment was according to this description.
  • The Enlightenment was a desire for human
    affairs to be guided by rationality rather than
    by faith, superstition, or revelation a belief
    in the power of human reason to change society
    and liberate the individual from the restraints
    of custom or arbitrary authority all backed up
    by a world view increasingly validated by science
    rather than by religion or tradition.
  • -- from The Enlightenment by Dorinda Outram, pg. 3

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Coffee, the social lubricant.
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Reading and Socializing in a London Coffee House
(early eighteenth century)
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William Hogarths Satirical View of Coffeehouse
Sociability (mid-eighteenth c .)
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Salon de Madame Geoffrin, Paris, 1755
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Young Mozart Entertaining at a Salon (1766)
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  • VII. A Habit of Representation
  • Colonial government
  • Governor and high courts in each colony
    controlled and appointed by the king
  • Land owning white men had representatives in
    colonial assemblies
  • Assemblies taxed and made laws
  • Women, servants, slaves unrepresented
  • Whig or Commonwealth thought
  • Distrust of certain government actions that they
    saw as tyrannical
  • Constant fear of public protest and crowd action

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  • VIII. A War for Empire
  • Epic struggle between two old enemies (France and
    England)
  • Called 7 Years War in Europe
  • Fought over control of North American colonies
  • British struggle badly at first
  • William Pitt
  • Kings minister who convinces colonial assemblies
    to tax to pay for the war
  • Borrows money
  • Rallies colonists to fight and die for the cause
  • After the war
  • Colonists proud of their contribution
  • Indians left to fend for themselves- conflicts
    with land obsessed colonists
  • Ministers in London discuss how to pay for the
    war and the bigger empire
  • A new crisis begins.

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Seven Years War 1754-1763
  • Britain, Prussia, Portugal
  • VERSUS
  • France, Russia, Austria

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Homework for tomorrow
  • Read pages 118-122
  • Answer the following questions
  • What benefits and accompanied the British victory
    that ended the Seven Years War?
  • What problems were contained in the victory?
  • Who were the new political leaders who emerged in
    the colonies after the Seven Years War?
  • What was the military situation in the colonies
    after the Seven Years War?
  • Who was George Grenville? What were his major
    concerns?
  • What was the Sugar Act? What was its purpose?
    What was the colonists reaction?
  • What was the Stamp Act? What was its purpose?
    What was the colonists reaction?
  • Describe the course of the colonists resistance
    to the Stamp Act. How does Parliament react to
    their resistance?

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