Do Orange and Green Clash?

1
Do Orange and Green Clash?

• Residential Segregation in Northern Ireland

2
Residential Segregation

• People of the same social class, occupation,
  race, ethnicity and religion often cluster
  together
• Residential segregation and be voluntary or
  involuntary, it can be difficult to separate

3
Enclaves

• Residential clusters that occur when people
  choose to live together
• Little Saigon in LA
• Little Havana in Miami
• Retirement communities

4
Ghettos

• Ghettos are products of involuntary segregation
• Discriminatory practices in housing and labor
  markets (US)
• Early Chinatowns
• African Americans in the north (Great Migration)

5
Racial Segregation in Los Angeles, CA. White
Anglos are found in beach communities and in
newly built suburbs. The black community is
highly concentrated in a large area south of the
downtown. Asians or Pacific Islanders are also
concentrated but into smaller, more scattered
notes of settlement, reflecting their diverse
ethnic makeup. The settlement of Hispanics, the
largest racial and ethnic minority group in LA
represents the reverse of white-Anglos. For the
most part, they are numerous in places where
white-Anglos are absent
6
Degree of Segregation

• Social distance measures the likelihood that
  dissimilar groups will interact with one another
• This can influence the degree of assimilation for
  minority groups
• Segregation Indices measure the degree of
  segregation
• Spatial divergence occurs if the two groups
  become spatially more segregated
• Spatial convergence occurs if they become
  spatially more integrated.

7
Segregation Index
index of dissimilarity
0
1
complete integration
complete segregation
(p. 347)
8
Segregation Indices in US Metropolitan Areas at
the Census Tract Level, by Ethnicity
Ethnicity 1980 1990 2000
Native American 0.373 0.368 0.333
Asians 0.405 0.412 0.411
African-Americans 0.727 0.679 0.640
Hispanics 0.502 0.500 0.509
9
Case Study Do Orange and Green Clash?

• Ireland remained Catholic while Great Britain
  became Protestant
• The British took over Ireland (1601) and used a
  plantation system to alter the ethnic composition
• Land was taken away from local Irish aristocrats
  and given to British aristocrats
• By 1700, less than 1 of Irish land was still in
  Irish Catholic hands
• ¾ of the island ethnic composition did not change
  much and remained mostly Catholic
• Ulster Plantation in the North had a history of
  rebellion so the British encouraged many Scots
  and English to move there.

10
Remnants of a castle in County Fermanagh built by
Protestants in the early 1600s and now serving as
a tourist attraction.
Figure 12.3 (p. 339)
11

• 1921 ¾ of Ireland gained independence, the Irish
  Free State (1949 became Republic of Ireland)
• Since 1969 Northern Ireland has been troubled by
  terrorist acts and political killings by both
  sides
• Irish Republican Army
• Both sides promote their group identity
• Protestants join the Orange Order
• Catholic Irish adopted green after their homeland
  the Emerald Isle

12
What does the Republic of Irelands flag
represent?
13
Case Study

• In activity 1 you will look at the population
  change between the Protestants and Catholics from
  1971 to 2011
• Create the choropleth maps, print and then answer
  questions 1.1-1.4
• In activity 2 you will measure the residential
  segregation of Protestants from Catholics
• Create the spreadsheets, print and then answer
  the questions