An Intro to Exercise Physiology

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An Intro to Exercise Physiology
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Everything starts with nerves
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Motor Learning

• Perfect technique must be practiced
• Do the most important things at the start of
  practice
• Highly technical items can be dangerous if done
  while tired

• Examples
• Olympic Lifting
• Last part of routines
• What is the point of the workout
• 21 days to a new technique and 10,000 hours to
  perfect
• Make sure the athlete is physically able

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Muscle Review

• Type 1
• Oxidative, slow twitch, red muscle
• Long duration activities
• Type 2a
• Fast twitch oxidative, white muscle
• Moderately fatigue resistant fast twitch
• Type 2b
• Super fast twitch, white muscle
• Fatigue instantly

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Questions that we may have the answers to???

• When are each of those muscle types used?
• Can you train to have more slow twitch muscle
  fibres?
• Can you train to have more fast twitch muscle
  fibres?
• Does the ratio of fast and slow twitch fibres you
  had at birth affect what you can do in life?

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What does you body use for energy

• Carbs, Fats and Proteins what we eat
• Glucose what our food is broken down into
• ATP all our working muscles really care about

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Exercise happens in the Cell

• What do you know about the cell
• What in the cell is important for energy
• Why is the title statement for this slide
  correct

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The Chemistry of Energy Production

• Energy in the human body is derived from the
  breakdown of complex nutrients like
  carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
• The end result of this breakdown is production of
  the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecule.
• ATP provides energy necessary for body functions

ATP
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The Energy Continuum

• All your energy systems derive ATP
• You are always using all 3 of your energy systems
• You have the ability to quickly switch from one
  fuel source to another
• You can train your body to use some of your fuel
  sources better than they originally were being
  used

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So exactly where does this energy come from?

• Cellular Respiration
• C6H12O6 6O2 36 ADP 36P 6CO2 36ATP
  6H20

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ATP Cycle Overview

• a) ATP breakdown
• b) Phosphorylation
• c) ATP resynthesis

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• a) ATP breakdown (ATP turnover)

• 1. Hydrolysis of the unstable phosphate groups of
• ATP molecule by H2O

• 3. Energy is released (38-42 kJ, or 9-10kcal/ mol
  ATP)

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• b) Phosphorylation

Energy for muscle contraction
1. Energy released by ATP turnover can be used
by body when a free P group is transferred
to another molecule (phosphorylation)
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• c) ATP resynthesis

• Initial stores of ATP in the muscles are used up
• very quickly and ATP must be regenerated

2. ATP is formed by recombination of ADP and P
3. Regeneration of ATP requires energy (from
breakdown of food molecules)
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Energy Pathways
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The Energy Systems

• the high energy phosphate system

b) the anaerobic glycolytic system
c) the aerobic oxidative system
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The Roles of the Three Energy Systems in
Competitive Sport