Changes in a Young Nation Did changes in the young nation open the door to opportunity for all Americans?

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Changes in a Young NationDid changes in the
young nation open the door to opportunity for all
Americans?

• Geographic Changes

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Geographic Changes

• In 1804, Lewis Clark left St. Louis, MO for
  their journey to the Pacific Ocean
• They discovered new plants animals met new
  Native American tribes found remains of a
  dinosaur
• 2 years 4 months later, they arrived back to
  St. Louis their journey helped promote western
  settlement

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Lewis Clarks Journey
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From Sea to Shining Sea Acquiring New Territory

• 1803Jefferson bought Louisiana from French for
  15 million
• Pushed western boundary of US to Rocky Mtns.
• Jefferson had vision of empire of liberty
• Many criticized Jefferson
• Country didnt need more undeveloped land
• Purchase unconstitutional

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From Sea to Shining Sea Acquiring New Territory

• Reasons for National Expansion
• Pop. Growing rapidly
• Less good farmland in east
• Make country less vulnerable to foreign attack
• Appealed to sense of nationalism

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Manifest Destiny
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Nationalism Manifest Destiny

• In 1840sCombo of nationalism expansionism
  Manifest Destiny
• Obvious fate it seemed obvious to Americans that
  US was meant to spread ideals of democracy across
  continent beyond
• Inspired further expansion
• 1819Spain cedes FL to US
• 1845TX joins Union after gaining independence
  from Mexico
• 1846US signs treaty with GB for Oregon Country
• 1846Mexican-American Warresult, US gets most of
  SW
• 1853Gadsden Purchaseadded part of AR NM

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US Territorial Acquisitions 1803-1853
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American Indians face a Forced Westward Migration

• US Westward expansion bad for Native Americans
• As US added new territory, N. Americans forced to
  give up lands American settlers
• 1830Congress passes Indian Removal Act
• Clear N. Americans from lands E of Mississippi
• Move tribes to OK Territory
• Some tribes went along with removalothers
  resisted
• Cherokees fought legallysaid Act violated
  earlier treaties
• Worchester v. GeorgiaCourt upheld treaties,
  Jackson ignored ruling
• Tribes that resisted were moved by force
• 1838Trail of Tears4,000 died of disease,
  starvation harsh weather

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Trail of Tears1838
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Trail of Tears1838
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The Country Develops Sectional Identities

• As US expanded3 sections of countryNorth,
  South, Westbegin to develop different identities
• Influenced by geography settlers

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Sectional Identities

• North
• In NE, poor soil harsh winters caused people to
  engage in commerce, shipbuilding fishing for
• Other places, most Northerners farmed for a
  living
• By mid-1800smany moving to cities to work in
  mills factories
• Immigrants coming to US move to Northern cities
  for jobs.

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Sectional Identities

• South
• Mild climate rich soil makes agriculture the
  center of southern economy
• Most southerners small farmersplantation
  agriculture starting to become more important
• Plantation owners relied on slave labor to grow
  cash crops
• Not everyone owned slaves

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Sectional Identities

• West
• In 1840s West was area west of Mississippi R.
• Settlement of west motivated by desire for cheap,
  fertile land.
• Search for opportunities in the west
• As settlers mixed with Indians Mexicans, new
  ways of life emerged.