The Age of Jackson

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The Age of Jackson
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Jacksonian Democracy
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Who was Andrew Jackson?

• Home State- Tennessee
• 1767-1845
• Andrew Jacksons election and Presidency was the
  beginning of the common man. He turned the
  Presidency into a more powerful office.

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Why was Andrew Jackson so popular?

• War Hero during the War of 1812 and the Seminole
  Wars.
• Was born poor, but became a powerful person.
• Was seen as a Common Man.

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What is the Common Man?

• Regular person.
• Usually poor.
• Usually a farmer.
• Usually from the South or West.

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Who were the Democrats?

• The Party of the Common Man.
• Popular with farmers, immigrants, poor people,
  and Southerners.
• Andrew Jackson became the leader of the party.

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What was the Spoils System?

• Andrew Jackson was the first President to replace
  government workers with his own supporters as a
  gift.
• Some of these supporters were not qualified for
  their jobs.

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What was the Kitchen Cabinet?

• The Kitchen Cabinet were Andrew Jacksons friends
  that he relied on for advice.
• Jackson preferred the advice of his friends than
  the advice of politicians/government workers.

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How did Andrew Jackson change the Presidency?

• Jackson was the first president to think of
  himself as the leader of the government.
• Jackson claimed that since the President is the
  person elected by everyone, the President should
  be in charge.

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What is the Presidential Veto?

• Veto Power- The Power of the President to reject
  laws. Vetoes could only be overturned by a 2/3s
  vote by Congress.
• Altogether, the first six presidents vetoed ten
  bills. In Jackson's eight years in office, he
  vetoed twelve.

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What is Andrew Jacksons legacy?

• Andrew Jackson changed the American Presidency.
• The President became the leader of the
  government.
• Government became more political and personality
  mattered more.

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Andrew Jacksons Political Fights
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What was the Tariff of 1828?

• (1) The Tariff of 1828 taxed imports from Europe.
• The Tariff of 1828 was supported by the north
  (helped manufacturers) and opposed to by the
  south (hurt farmers).

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What is Nullification?

• South Carolinians promoted an idea called
  nullification in order to remove the Tariff of
  1828.
• Nullification stated that states could
  void/cancel any Federal laws they deemed
  unconstitutional.

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What was President Jacksons response to
Nullification?

• Jackson thought the nullification doctrine was
  treasonous (betrayed the country).
• Jackson knew that Nullification would eventually
  lead to the breakup of the U.S.

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Who was John C. Calhoun?

• Home State-South Carolina
• 1782-1850
• As Vice-President of the U.S. Calhoun fought with
  Jackson over the idea of Nullification.
  Nullification said states could cancel out
  Federal Laws.

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Why was Henry Clay important?

• My only regret as President is that I didnt
  shoot Henry Clay and hang John Calhoun.
• -Jackson
• Henry Clay came up with the compromise that ended
  the Nullification Crisis.
• He helped lower taxes in the South.

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What was the Second National Bank?

• Private bank in Philadelphia responsible for
  making loans.
• Most of the money in the bank was owned by
  Europeans and rich individuals.

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Why was Andrew Jackson against the Second
National Bank?

• Andrew Jackson fought against rich people as the
  hero of the Common Man.
• Banks often closed on peoples farms.

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What do Andrew Jacksons fights tell us about his
values?

• Andrew Jackson was a fighter.
• Andrew Jackson fought for the Common Man
  Southerners, farmers, Westerners.

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Andrew Jackson, Native Americans, and Slavery
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Why did slavery grow under Andrew Jackson?

• The Southern economy grew more dependent on
  slavery under Andrew Jackson.
• More land became available for plantations.

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Who were the Cherokee Indians?

• The Cherokee Indians lived in the South.
• The Cherokees were the largest of the Five
  Civilizes Tribes.
• They adopted European customs and culture.

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Why were the Cherokee Indians moved?

• The Cherokees land was farm land that Southern
  farmers wanted.
• Gold was discovered in Cherokee land.

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What was Worcester v. Georgia? (1832)

• Chief Justice John Marshall and a majority of the
  Supreme Court ruled that the Cherokee were an
  Independent nation and Georgia had no power or
  rights above the Cherokee.

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What was the Indian Removal Act?

• Passed in 1830.
• Allowed the Federal Government to remove Indians
  from their land and move them to Oklahoma.

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What was the Trail of Tears?

• From 1831-1840.
• Soldiers removed Native Americans from their
  homes in Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, North
  Carolina, and Alabama.

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Why did Andrew Jackson support the Trail of Tears?

• Andrew Jackson removed the Native Americans in
  order to help Southern farmers get more land.

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Why is the Trail of Tears seen as a tragedy?

• Over 100,000 Indians were moved from their homes.
• At least 5,000 passed away in the journey.