The Settlement of New England

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The Settlement of New England
AIM How were the New England colonies created?
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The New England Colonies

Massachusetts Connecticut Rhode Island New
Hampshire
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Who were the Puritans?

• Wanted to purify (reform the Church of England
• Disliked organ music, fancy churches
• Persecuted by King Charles I

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The Puritans

• Believed all human beings were evil
• Satan was always present
• Citizens found guilty of sins were humiliated
• Letters on back
• Dunked in ponds
• Stand in pillories

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Religious Persecution
STOCKS
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1. The Massachusetts Bay Colony

• 1629 ? Puritans get a royal charter to form the
  MA Bay Colony.
• Wanted to escape religious persecution
• 1630 ? 1,000 people set off in 11 well-stocked
  ships
• Established a colony with Boston as its hub.
• Called Great Migration of the 1630s

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The Great Migration

• Why did the Puritans leave England?
• Religious freedom
• Escape persecution from King Charles I

15,0000 journey to Mass.

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Who was their leader? John Winthrop-

• Wealthy attorney and manor lord
• Devout Puritan
• Became 1st governor of Massachusetts.
• Believed that he had a calling from God to lead
  there.
• Set an example by working hard to clear land
  build a home
• Served as governor or deputy-governor for 19
  years.

We shall be as a city on a hill..
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The Puritans Arrive
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What was life like in the New England settlements?

• Low mortality ? average life expectancy was 70
  years of age.
• Average 6 children per family.
• Average age at marriage
• Women 22 years old
• Men 27 years old.

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Who was the boss of the family?

• Male father figures controlled each household.
• Called a patriarchal society
• Ministers and magistrates controlled church
  household patriarchs.

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2. Connecticut

• Founder-Thomas Hooker- Puritan minister
• Believed govt had too much power
• Left Massachusetts Bay started a new colony
• 1636

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Government of Connecticut

• Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
• All men with property could vote, even if not
  Church members
• Limited governors power

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Another Puritan Rebel

• Roger Williams- young, popular minister in
  Salem.
• Believed church state (govt) should be separate
• 1635 ? found guilty of preaching new dangerous
  opinions and was exiled.

Roger Williams
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3. Rhode Island

• 1636 ? Roger Williams founds Rhode Island.
• Remarkable political freedom in Providence, RI
• No special privileges for anyone
• freedom of opportunity for all.
• Fair to Native Americans
• All white men can vote
• No one has to go to Church.
• RI becomes known as the Sewer -seen by the
  Puritans as a dumping ground for unbelievers
• ? More liberal than any other colony!

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3. Rhode Island
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Another Puritan Rebel

• Anne Hutchinson
• Intelligent, strong-willed,well-spoken woman.
• Devout Puritan
• Discussed sermons
• Believed holy life was no sure
• sign of salvation.

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Anne Hutchinsons Trial

• 1638 lasted 2 days
• Finally stated she had received her beliefs
  DIRECTLY from God.
• Puritan leaders banished her ? she her family
  traveled to RI and later to NY.
• She and all but one member of her family were
  killed in an Indian attack in Westchester County.
• John Winthrop saw Gods hand in this!

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BANISHED
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Puritans vs. Native Americans

• Indians especially weak in New England ?
  epidemics wiped out ¾ of the native popul..
• Some colonists like Thomas Hooker Roger
  Williams were fair but.

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But. The English keep coming taking

• More settlers take more land
• War begins- 1675
• Metacom King Philip to white settlers- chief
  of Wampanoag Indians
• Other tribes unite with them 600 settlers are
  killed

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King Philips War (1675-1676

• The war ended in failure for the Indians
• Metacom beheaded and drawn and quartered.
• His son and wife sold into slavery.
• Never a serious threat in New England again!!

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Life in New England Colonies

• Describe the Sabbath
• Holy Day
• Nobody could talk, joke, drink
• Everybody attended church

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The Town Meeting

• Purpose
• Vote or make decisions
• Took place at church
• Made strict religious laws

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Economy of New England Colonies

• Economy of New England
• Shipbuilding (trees from forests)
• Hunted in forest- wild turkey, deer
• Fishing and whaling from ships

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New England Spreads Out
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New England Colonies, 1650
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Population of the New England Colonies