Human Growth and Development

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Human Growth and Development

• Lesson 2
• Fertilization to Birth

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Fertilization union of a sperm and egg is
called a zygote
As the cell divides, it is called a blastocyst
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Fertilized egg implants in the wall of the uterus
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Embryo an implanted fertilized egg4th week
heart begins to beat6th week internal organs
develop
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Fetus 8 weeks after fertilization
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Development in the womb
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First Trimester

• 4 weeks Heart begins to beat
• 10 weeks Functioning internal organs arms,
  legs and feet have formed
• 11 weeks Fetus can swallow, hiccup and make a
  fist
• 12 weeks Ultrasound can determine whether the
  child is male or female

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Second Trimester

• 14 weeks movement is felt by the mother
• 18 weeks fetus reacts to sound
• 23 weeks taste buds are formed
• 24 weeks eyebrows, eyelashes are well formed
• After 24 weekssome fetuses born prematurely can
  survive with special medical care

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Third Trimester

• 29 weeks fetus practices breathing
• 35 weeks organs are fully functional
• 37 weeks fully developed baby ready to be born

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End of 9th Month

• 18-20 inches long
• Weighs 7-9 pounds
• Organs have developed enough to function on their
  own
• Baby shifts to prepare for birth

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Things to Avoid During Pregnancy
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Dangers to the Fetus

• Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)Alcohol related
  birth defects that includes physical mental
  problems
• Low birth weight, poor coordination, mental
  retardation, impaired speech, stunted growth and
  poor attention span
• TobaccoCan affect growth, mental development and
  behavior
• Leads to low birth weight, heart and brain
  abnormalities, and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
  (SIDS)

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• Medications DrugsPrescription and
  non-prescription should be checked with doctor
  first
• Can cause birth defects, premature labor, or
  miscarriage
• Baby can be born addicted to the drug
• CaffeineSome studies prove that it can cause
  health issues, best to avoid

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Toxic Substances

• Cat Litter
• Solvents
• Lead
• Mercury
• Insecticides

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Procedures
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• Pregnant women should eat a well balanced diet
  they are eating for 2!!!
• Take vitamins
• Go to the doctor regularly for check-ups

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Atypical Conditions During Pregnancy

• Twins
• Identical 1 egg 1 sperm divides
• Fraternal 2 separate eggs sperm
• Conjoined twins joined at birth
• Other Multiples

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Multiples twins, triplets, quads, quints,
sextuplets, septuplets, octuplets!