Introduction to Fluid Mechanics

1
Introduction to Fluid Mechanics

• Chapter 3
• Fluid Statics

2
Main Topics

• The Basic Equations of Fluid Statics
• Pressure Variation in a Static Fluid
• Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces
• Buoyancy

3
The Basic Equationsof Fluid Statics

• Body Force

4
The Basic Equationsof Fluid Statics

• Surface Force

5
The Basic Equationsof Fluid Statics

• Surface Force

6
The Basic Equationsof Fluid Statics

• Surface Force

7
The Basic Equationsof Fluid Statics

• Total Force

8
The Basic Equationsof Fluid Statics

• Newtons Second Law

9
The Basic Equationsof Fluid Statics

• Pressure-Height Relation

10
Pressure Variation in aStatic Fluid

• Incompressible Fluid Manometers

11
Pressure Variation in aStatic Fluid

• Compressible Fluid Ideal Gas

Need additional information, e.g., T(z) for
atmosphere
12
Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

• Plane Submerged Surface

13
Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

• Plane Submerged Surface

We can find FR, and y and x, by integrating, or

14
Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

• Plane Submerged Surface
• Algebraic Equations Total Pressure Force

15
Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

• Plane Submerged Surface
• Algebraic Equations Net Pressure Force

16
Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

• Curved Submerged Surface

17
Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

• Curved Submerged Surface
• Horizontal Force Equivalent Vertical Plane
  Force
• Vertical Force Weight of Fluid Directly
  Above( Free Surface Pressure Force)

18
Buoyancy
19
Buoyancy
For example, for a hot air balloon (Example
Problem 3.8)