Compound and Complex Sentences

1
Compound and Complex Sentences

• Objectives
• Identify independent clauses in different
  sentence types.
• Define compound sentence and complex sentence.
• Combine simple sentences to form compound and
  complex sentences.

2
Review
DIRECTIONS Label everything you can in the
following sentences.
3
Review
appositive phrase

1. Leslie, an animal lover, adopted a puppy that she
   got from the pound.
2. Smoking is bad for your health, but actors in old
   movies did it on screen.

D.O.
Independent
adj. clause
Subordinate
P.A.
conj.
Independent
D.O.
Independent
Words that start subordinate clauses?
Words that start subordinate clauses?
4
Sentence Types
Sentences can be classified 3 ways.
(Phrases do not change the type of sentence.)
5
The type of sentence is determined by 2 factors

1. How many clauses?
2. What type of clauses?

6
Every clause needs 2 things

1. Subject
2. Verb

7
Remember
Independent clauses always stand by
themselves. Subordinate clauses never stand by
themselves.
8
Definitions
Complex- Contains 1 independent clause and 1 or
more subordinate clause(s).
Simple- Contains only 1 independent clause.
Compound- Contains 2 or more independent clauses.
P.A.
Example- The door that Jonathan left open is
letting a draft into the room.
P.A.
Example- The door is open, and a draft is coming
into the room.
Example- The door is open.
D.O.
adv.
9
Practice
DIRECTIONS Identify the following sentences as
simple (S), compound (C), or complex (CX).
10
Practice
infinitive phrase
D.O.

1. I love to ride my bike.
2. Swimming at the lake is my favorite activity in
   the summer.
3. Jordan did his homework, and he received an A.

S
S
P.N.
D.O.
conj.
C
D.O.
11
Practice
D.O.
D.O.

1. When you mix sand and water, you make concrete.
2. The bunny jumped and hopped across the field.

D.O.
CX
S
12
Compound

• Require Coordinating Conjunctions
• A part of speech that connects equal things
  (subject with subject, independent clause with
  independent clause, etc.).

13
There are 2 ways to combine sentences with
coordinating conjunctions.
14
Combining- 1

• Create a compound subject, verb, D.O., etc.
• Examples-
• Stephen is a student. Rachel is a student.
• Stephen and Rachel are students.

• Create a compound subject, verb, D.O., etc.
• Examples-
• I like to kayak for fun. I like to go rock
  climbing.
• I like to go kayaking and rock climbing for fun.

15
Combining- 2

• Create a compound sentence.
• Examples-
• Turkey tastes delicious. People like to eat
  turkey on Thanksgiving.
• Turkey tastes delicious, and people like to eat
  it on Thanksgiving.

16
Practice
DIRECTIONS Turn the following simple sentences
into compound sentences by using coordinating
conjunctions. Prove that each of your sentences
is now compound by identifying the independent
clauses.
17
1
18
2
19
3
20
Complex

• Require Subordinate Clauses
• Refer to your list of words that commonly signal
  subordinate clauses.

21
Combining

• Use a subordinate clause.
• Examples-
• The window is broken. The window broke last
  year. Austin threw a ball at the window. The
  window needs to be repaired.
• The window, which Austin broke last year when he
  threw a ball at it, needs to be repaired.

22
Practice
DIRECTIONS Combine the following to form complex
sentences. Prove that each of your sentences is
now complex by identifying the independent and
subordinate clauses.
23
1
24
2
25
3
26
Compound-Complex
Whats that?
27
Definition
A sentence with 2 or more independent clauses and
1 or more subordinate clause.
28
Practice
DIRECTIONS Identify the following sentences as
simple (S), compound (C), complex (CX), or
compound-complex (C-CX). Be able to prove your
answer.
29
Practice

1. I ate the ice cream that my mom bought me for
   getting good grades.
2. The classroom was messy after code red.
3. We sang songs and twirled in circles.
4. Tin brought his paper in, and he set it on the
   desk where the stack of papers was.

CX
S
S
C-CX
30
Practice
DIRECTIONS Use any of the methods we have
discussed to combine the following sentence. Be
able to explain which method you used.
31
1
32
2
33
Practice
DIRECTIONS Identify everything you can in the
following sentences. Use your knowledge to
combine the sentences, and identify the type of
sentence you have created.
34
Application
DIRECTIONS Use the topics we have discussed in
class to create compound and complex sentences.