Breeds%20of%20Dairy%20Cattle - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Breeds%20of%20Dairy%20Cattle

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Breeds of Dairy Cattle What is this breed? What is this breed? What is this breed? Answers 1.Holstein 2.Brown Swiss 3.Guernsey 4.Jersey 5. Ayrshire 6.Milking ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Breeds%20of%20Dairy%20Cattle


1
Breeds of Dairy Cattle
2
Focus
  • What details can you tell me about a dairy cow?
  • How is milk produced?

3
Lifecycle of a Dairy Cow
4
A Calf Is Born
  • The calf weighs 90-100 lbs at birth.
  • The calf is immediately fed colostrum, which is
    the nutrient-rich first milk produced by a cow.
  • At 3 days the calf is fed milk replacer
  • At 4-8 weeks the calf is weaned from milk

5
Jersey Calf
6
Calf Hutches
  • Wooden

7
Six-Month-Old Heifer
  • The heifer is fed silage, hay, and grain.
  • The heifer weights around 400 lbs.
  • The dairy farmer wants the heifer to gain 1.6 to
    1.8 pounds per day.

8
Yearling Heifer
  • This heifer is called a yearling because she is
    over a year old.
  • She still has a lot of growing to do before she
    enters the milking herd.

9
Two-Year-Old
  • This is what dairy farmers call a first-year
    heifer.
  • This means that she has just had her first calf.
  • She is producing milk.
  • She weights 1,200 lbs.

10
Mature Cow
  • The mature cow weighs approximately 1,500 lbs.
  • She has just had her 4th calf.
  • She can eat over 100 lbs a day and produces 12
    gallons of milk each milking in early lactation

11
ADV Cleaner, less bedding expenses, ease of
parlor use, few space requirement, fewer teat
and udder injuries and ease of use
12
Cow Facilities
  • Tie stall
  • Free stall

13
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14
Milking Parlors
Herringbone, Polygon, Side opening, Rotary/
Carousel
15
Milking unit
  • Milking unit teat cup (steel shell) assembly,
    the claw or suspension cup, connecting air and
    milk tubes

16
Life of a Dairy Cow
Gestation 9 months
Lactation Calving Cycle
17
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18
Dairy Cattle Characteristics
  • Video

19
Holstein - Friesian History
  • Originated in Netherlands
  • Winthrop Chenery brought the first Holstein over
    so the sailors could have milk
  • He noticed her high production and started to
    bring over more
  • Largest of all dairy cattle - 1500 lb. cows and
    bulls 2200 lbs

20
Holstein Characteristics
  • Holsteins are large, stylish animals with color
    patterns of black and white or red and white
    (recessive gene) switch white
  • Average milk production per cow 14,500 lb, 3.5
    milk fat (5th)
  • 90 of all dairy cattle in the U.S. are Holstein
  • First in milk production

21
Ayrshire History
  • The Ayrshire breed originated in the County of
    Ayrshire in Scotland, prior to 1800
  • Prior to 1800 many of the cattle of Ayrshire were
    black, although by 1775 browns and mottled colors
    started to appear.
  • Early breeders carefully crossed and selected the
    various strains of cattle
  • Cows weigh 1200 lbs.
  • Ranks third in milk production (4th in milk fat)
  • Vigorous, strong and excellent grazing ability

22
Ayrshire Characteristics
  • Red and white cherry red, mahogany, brown or
    white and mixed with red, mahogany or brown, have
    horns
  • medium-sized cattle and should weigh over 1200
    pounds at maturity
  • strong, rugged cattle that adapt to all
    management systems including group handling on
    dairy farms with free stalls and milking parlors
  • 15,000 pounds of milk with a 3.9 Butterfat
  • Calves are strong and easy to raise

23
Brown Swiss History
  • Brown Swiss breed originated in the mountain
    pastures of the Swiss Alps
  • The Brown Swiss breed in the United States was
    declared a dairy breed in 1906

24
Brown Swiss Characteristics
  • Light silver to dark brown with dark points. Nose
    and tongue black.
  • 15,883 lbs of milk per lactation 3.97 fat (3
    rd)
  • A mature female weighs 1400 lbs (heifer matures
    more slowly than other breeds)
  • particularly strong feet and legs because of the
    mountains
  • Quiet, docile, people-friendly demeanor
  • One of the oldest dairy breeds
  • 2nd milk production

25
Guernsey History
  • The Isle of Guernsey, a tiny island in the
    English Channel off the coast of France, is the
    birthplace of the Guernsey cow
  • The Monks from France brought Frances best
    bloodlines and came up with the Guernsey
  • Introduction of the Guernsey to America occurred
    around September 1840, when Captain Belair of the
    Schooner Pilot brought three Alderney cows to the
    port of New York

26
Guernseys Characteristics
  • The Guernsey cow is known for producing
    high-butterfat and high-protein milk
  • Guernseys produce their high quality milk while
    consuming 20 to 30 percent less feed per pound of
    milk
  • The Guernsey is also an excellent grazer, great
    temperament
  • Produces 14,667 pounds of milk (4th), 659 pounds
    of butterfat and 510 pounds (2nd)of protein
  • Fawn with white markings, skin is yellow

Milk is golden
27
Jersey History
  • The Jersey breed originated on the Island of
    Jersey, a small British island in the English
    Channel
  • The island of Jersey was very protective of this
    breed. Because of this the breed stayed
    distinctive for many years
  • Cream, light fawn or almost black
  • Switch/ tongue black or white

28
Jersey Characteristics
  • Jerseys are adapted to a wide range of climatic
    and geographical conditions
  • Jerseys vary greatly in color, but the
    characteristic color is golden fawn, with or
    without white markings
  • Smallest of the dairy breeds
  • Its nutritive content is 28.46 greater than
    ordinary milk
  • Came from island of Jersey off cost of France
  • Smallest dairy breed
  • Cows weigh around1000 lbs
  • Great udders
  • 5th in milk and 1st in in milk fat

29
Milking Shorthorn
  • One of the oldest recognized breeds in the world,
    a segment of the Shorthorn breed
  • Provided milk, meat, and transportation to
    pioneers
  • Red, red white, white, or roan in color
  • In the feedlot, these cattle attain 1,000 to
    1,200 pound weights at an early age
  • ease of calving
  • docile
  • healthy calves

30
Quiz Time!!!!!!!!!!
31
What is this breed?
32
What is this breed?
33
What is this breed?
34
What is this breed?
35
What is this breed?
36
What is this breed?
37
Answers
  • 1.Holstein
  • 2.Brown Swiss
  • 3.Guernsey
  • 4.Jersey
  • 5. Ayrshire
  • 6.Milking Shorthorn
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