Cellular Respiration

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Cellular Respiration

• Chapter 7

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What is Cellular Respiration??

• Cellular Respiration is the breakdown of organic
  compounds) autotrophs hetertrophs use this
  process
• Glucose Oxygen with enzymes ? Water ATP
  energy carbon dioxide
• It has two parts
• a. Glycolysis
• b. Aerobic Respiration
• Glycolysis is breakdown of the simple sugar
  ,glucose .
• Aerobic Respiration takes the breakdown
  molecules from glycolysis and makes ATP with the
  help of oxygen

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Where does it take place?

• All Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm
  (cytosol)
• all life on earth performs glyclolysis
• This process does not require O2 and does not
  yield much energy

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Glycolysis

• Part I
• Glucose (6C) is broken down into 2 PGAL's
  (Phosphoglyceraldehyde - 3Carbon molecules)
• This requires two ATP's
• Part II
• 2 PGAL's (3C) are converted to 2 pyruvates
• This creates 4 ATP's and 2 NADH's

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What does it produce?

• Glycolysis produces 4 ATP's and 2 NADH, but uses
  2 ATP's in the process for pyruvic acid
• Soooo it produces a net of 2 ATP 
• Watch the video.
• http//highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072507470/s
  tudent_view0/chapter25/animation__how_glycolysis_w
  orks.html

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Aerobic Respiration

• There are two major sections of this
• Krebs Cycle
• Electron Transport Chain
• The Krebs Cycle occurs in the matrix of the
  mitochondria ( thats why it is the powerhouse of
  the cell)
• The Electron Transport Chain takes place in
  the inner membrane of the mitochondria.

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Krebs Cycle (also known as the Citric Acid cycle)

• 1. Pyruvic acid enter s into the mitochondria
  matrix and reacts with coenzyme A to form
  Acetyl Co A.(NAD gets reduced to NADH)
• 2This two carbon molecule then starts the Krebs
  Cycle
• 3. It combines with a four carbon acid
  (oxaloacetic acid) to form citric acid(six
  carbon molecule)(releases CoA)

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• 4Citric acid is oxidized to a five carbon
  molecule and releases CO2 . NAD becomes NADH is
  (reduction).
• 5This 5-carbon molecule then releases another
  NAD to NADH and with ADP to ATP.
• 6The molecule then becomes a 4-carbon compound.
  Another electron carrier, FAD becomes FADH 2
  (reduction) and another NAD get reduced to NADH

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What did the Krebs Cycle produce?

• After two turns
• 4 CO2
• 2 ATP
• 6 NADH molecules
• 2 FADH2
• Next is the ETC and Chemiosmosis

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ETC Chemiosmosis

• The electron transport chain, also known as the
  respiratory chain, forms the final stage of
  aerobic respiration.
• It results in the transfer of electrons or
  hydrogen atoms derived from the Krebs cycle to
  molecular oxygen, with the formation of water.

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