Chapter 11 The Roman Republic

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Chapter 11The Roman Republic
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Ancient Roman Cities

• Most ancient cities in Italy were built on
  hilltops because they could defend their cities
  better.

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• Remus and Romulus are legendary brothers whose
  father was Aeneas, a Trojan hero. After they grew
  up they became angry with one another, battling
  until Remus was killed by Romulus. Romulus
  founded and named the city of Rome after himself.

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The Early Roman Empire
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The Early Roman Republic

• The government the Romans created in 509 BC was a
  republic. In a republic, people elect leaders to
  govern them.

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• The most powerful members of the Roman republic
  were the patricians. Patricians were powerful and
  wealthy land owners or nobles.

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• The government changed in the republics. The
  Patricians no longer had the greatest influence
  because the Plebeians formed a council and
  elected their own officials. The Plebeians were
  the common people of Rome.

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Roman Government
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Magistrates

• The first part of Romes government
• Magistrates are officials elected every year.
  Some were judges. Others managed Romes finances
  and organized games and festivals.

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• To keep anyone from becoming too powerful, the
  Romans elected two consuls each year. These were
  the most powerful magistrates in Rome. They ran
  the city and led the army.

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The Senate

• The second part of Romes government was the
  Senate. This was a council of wealthy and
  powerful Romans that advise the citys leaders.
  It was originally created to advise Romes kings.
  They gained control of financial affairs.
• They held office for life.

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Assemblies

• The third part of Romes government protected and
  represented the common people. It had two
  branches. Both patricians and plebeians took part
  in the assemblies. Their primary job was to elect
  the magistrates who ran the city of Rome. Roman
  citizens could take part in assemblies all their
  adult lives.

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Tribunes

• The second branch of the assembly was the
  tribunes, who were elected by the plebeians and
  remained in office one year.
• The tribunes had the power to veto any action by
  government officials.
• Veto means I forbid, in Latin, the language
  of the Romans.

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• The United States Constitution was written to
  protect peoples rights. The Romans created the
  Roman Law of the Twelve Tables to protect the
  rights of their citizens.

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• Like the United States Government, the Romans had
  a system of checks and balances. This system was
  put into place so one part of the government
  would not become too strong.

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• The Romans loved to be out in the city. The forum
  was the center of life and daily activity in
  ancient Rome.

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The Forum in Ancient Times
The Forum Today
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• Hannibal was a famous leader from Carthage,
  Tunisia, who attacked Rome during the Second
  Punic War. He used elephants to cross the Alps to
  reach Rome.

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Hannibal Crossing the Alps
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Elephants In Battle
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• 6,000 soldiers made up the incredibly brave and
  effective Roman legions.

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Tribunes who worked for the good of the poor
people of Rome
Bothers Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus were
Tribunes. Both worked for the benefit of
the poor people of Rome. Both lost their lives
in doing so.
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His actions led to civil war in Rome.
eventually he became a dictator
His idea allowed poor people to join the army
Lucius Cornelius Sulla
Gaius Marius
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Spartacus
A former gladiator, Spartacus, led an uprising of
the slaves in Rome, who were being treated
very badly. He was killed in battle during
the revolt. The revolt fell apart. The
Romans executed 6,000 rebellious slaves.
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Roman Hairstyles
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Roman Clothing
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Roman Fresco
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Summary