Chapter 15 Personality

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Chapter 15 Personality

• Exam Review
• Psychology
• Fall/Winter

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The text defines personality as

1. The set of personal attitudes that characterizes
   a person
2. An individuals characteristic pattern of
   thinking, feeling, and acting
3. A predictable set of responses to environmental
   stimuli
4. An unpredictable set of responses to
   environmental stimuli

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This is a projective test where people express
their inner feelings and interests through the
stories they make up about ambiguous scenes

1. Rorschach test
2. MMPI
3. DSM-IV
4. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
5. Big Five

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Which of the following places the greatest
emphasis on the unconscious mind?

1. The humanistic perspective
2. The social-cognitive perspective
3. The trait perspective
4. The psychoanalytic perspective

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Which of the following is the correct order of
psychosexual stages proposed by Freud?

1. Oral anal phallic latency genital
2. Anal oral phallic latency genital
3. Oral anal genital latency phallic
4. Anal oral genital latency phallic

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Humanistic psychologists would most likely be
criticized for underestimating the value of

1. An internal locus of control
2. Self-serving bias
3. Social influence
4. The spotlight effect
5. individualism

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According to Freud, defence mechanisms are
methods of reducing

1. Anger
2. Fear
3. Anxiety
4. lust

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Research on locus of control indicates that
internal are ________ than externals.

1. More dependent
2. More intelligent
3. Better able to cope with stress
4. More sociable

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Randys substandard academic performance is both
a result and cause of his feelings of academic
inferiority. This best illustrates the importance
of

1. Self-serving bias
2. The Barnum effect
3. Reciprocal determinism
4. The self-reference phenomenon

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The humanistic perspective on personality

1. Emphasizes the driving force of unconscious
   motivations in personality
2. Emphasizes the growth potential of healthy
   individuals
3. Emphasizes the importance of interaction with the
   environment in shaping personality
4. Describes personality in terms of scores on
   various personality scales

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Which of Freuds ideas would not be accepted by
most contemporary psychologists?

1. Development is essentially fixed in childhood
2. Sexuality is a potent drive in humans
3. The mind is an iceberg with consciousness being
   only the tip
4. Repression can be the cause of forgetting

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In studying personality, a trait theorist would
most likely

1. Use a projective test
2. Observe a person in a variety of situations
3. Use a personality inventory
4. Use the method of free association

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Id is to ego as ____ is to ____.

1. Reality principle pleasure principle
2. Pleasure principle reality principle
3. Conscious forces unconscious forces
4. Conscience personality executive

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Which perspective on personality emphasizes the
interaction between the individual and the
environment in shaping personality?

1. Psychoanalytic
2. Trait
3. Humanistic
4. Social-cognitive

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According to Freuds theory, personality arises
in response to conflicts between

1. Our unacceptable urges and our tendency to become
   self actualized.
2. The process of identification and the egos
   defence mechanisms.
3. The collective unconscious and our individual
   desires.
4. Our biological impulses and the social restraints
   against them.

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The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
(MMPI) is a(n)

1. Projective personality test
2. Empirically derived and objective personality
   test
3. Personality test developed mainly to assess job
   applicants
4. Personality test used primarily to assess locus
   of control

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The Oedipus and Electra complexes have their
roots in the

1. Anal stage
2. Oral stage
3. Latency stage
4. Phallic stage

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Which of the following statements about
self-esteem is not correct?

1. People with low self-esteem tend to be negative
   about others
2. People with high self-esteem are less prone to
   drug addiction
3. People with low self-esteem tend to be
   non-conformists
4. People with high self-esteem suffer less from
   insomnia

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Professor Minton believes that people strive to
find meaning in life because they are terrified
of their own mortality. Evidently, Professor
Minton is a proponent of

1. Terror-management theory
2. Psychodynamic theory
3. The humanistic perspective
4. The social-cognitive perspective

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Because Ramona identifies with her politically
conservative parents, she chose to enroll in a
conservative college. After four years in this
environment Ramonas politics have become even
more conservative. Which perspective best
accounts for the mutual influences of Ramonas
upbringing, choice of school, and political
viewpoint?

1. Psychoanalytic
2. Trait
3. Humanistic
4. Social-cognitive

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Jill has a biting, sarcastic manner. According to
Freud, she is

1. Projecting her anxiety onto others
2. Fixated in the oral stage of development
3. Fixated in the anal stage of development
4. Displacing her anxiety onto others

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James attributes his failing grade in chemistry
to an unfair final exam. His attitude exemplifies

1. Internal locus of control
2. Unconditional positive regard
3. The self-serving bias
4. Reciprocal determinism

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The behaviour of many people has been described
in terms of a spotlight effect. This means that
they

1. Tend to see themselves as being above average in
   ability
2. Perceive that their fate is determined by forces
   not under their personal control
3. Overestimate the extent to which other people are
   noticing them
4. Do all of the above

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A psychologist at the campus mental health centre
administered an empirically derived personality
test to diagnose an emotionally troubled student.
Which test did the psychologist most likely
administer?

1. The MMPI
2. The TAT
3. The Rorschach
4. The Locus of Control Scale

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The personality test Teresa is taking involves
her describing random patterns of dots. What type
of test is she taking?

1. An empirically derived test
2. The MMPI
3. A personality inventory
4. A projective test

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The personality test Teresa is taking involves
her describing random patterns of dots. What type
of test is she taking?

1. An empirically derived test
2. The MMPI
3. A personality inventory
4. A projective test

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The concept of personality most clearly embodies
the notion of

1. Moral integrity
2. Self-consciousness
3. Behavioural consistency
4. Self-actualization
5. Gender identity

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Freud believed that certain troubling symptoms
could be traced to painful unconscious memories.
This led him to suspect that these symptoms
resulted from

1. Genetic defects
2. An inferiority complex
3. Psychological processes
4. An internal locus of control
5. Reciprocal determinism

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Free association is central to the process of

1. Factor analysis
2. Self-serving bias
3. Psychoanalysis
4. Reciprocal determinism
5. Unconditional positive regard

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Freud suggested that slips of the tongue
illustrate an incomplete

1. Fixation
2. Displacement
3. Rationalization
4. Projection
5. Repression

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Carl Rogers emphasized that a positive
self-concept is promoted by

1. An external locus of control
2. Unconditional positive regard
3. Collective unconscious
4. Reciprocal determinism
5. Free association