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GENETICS Basic Heredity

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GENETICS Basic Heredity A study of gene inheritance from one generation to the next. History of Heredity Gregor Mendel is father of modern genetics Mendel used pea ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: GENETICS Basic Heredity


1
GENETICSBasic Heredity
  • A study of gene inheritance from one generation
    to the next.

2
History of Heredity
  • Gregor Mendel is father of modern genetics
  • Mendel used pea plants to examine heredity from
    one generation to the next

3
Mendels Laws
  • 1) Law of Segregation
  • There are two factors controlling each trait
  • These factors are alleles
  • The alleles separate so that gametes only get 1
    of the two alleles
  • 2) Rule of Dominance
  • One allele is always dominant over the other
  • 3) Law of Independent Assortment

4
Genetics Rules
  • Dominant alleles are written with CAPITAL letters
  • Having 1 dominant alleles means the trait will be
    expressed
  • Recessive alleles are written with lowercase
  • Must have 2 recessive alleles for the trait to be
    expressed

5
Genotype vs. Phenotype
  • Genotype the alleles (letters) an individual has
    for a gene
  • Phenotype the way the genotype is expressed
    (looks)

6
Geno or Pheno?
  • Tt
  • HH
  • Red hair
  • BB
  • Blue eyes

7
Genotypes
  • Homozygous 2 of the same alleles for a gene
    (TT, tt, HH, etc)
  • Heterozygous 2 different alleles for a gene (Tt,
    Hh)

8
Hetero or Homo?
  • BB
  • Bb
  • Hh
  • tt
  • dD
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