National 5 PEE Notes

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National 5 PEE Notes

• 1 min per mark
• POINT (clear cause, issue, role or government
  measure)
• EXPLAIN (answer the question)
• EXAMPLE (person, place, policy, statistic)

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29th April 9am Be at the Main Hall at 8.30am

• POLITICAL ISSUES
• (A) DEMOCRACY IN SCOTLAND
• SOCIAL ISSUES
• (C) SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN THE UK
• INTERNATIONAL ISSUES
• (E) WORLD POWERS (USA)

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(A) DEMOCRACY IN SCOTLAND

• DEVOLVED AND RESERVED POWERS
• DEVOLVED issues the Scottish government can
  decide on
• Health e.g. free prescriptions
• Education e.g. CfE National 5
• Sport e.g. Commonwealth Games in Glasgow 2014
• RESERVED - issues the Scottish government cannot
  decide on Immigration e.g. Romanian immigrants in
  Glasgow
• Defence e.g. nuclear weapons in Faslane Glasgow
• Social Security e.g. bedroom tax

4
Additional Member System (AMS)

• Why some people are happy with AMS
• Its fairer e.g. Scottish Lib Dem 5 vote and 5
  seats in 2011
• More people to represent you e.g. Kenneth Gibson
  and Annabel Goldie
• Can lead to majority government e.g SNP 2011
• Why some people are unhappy with AMS
• Its confusing as 2 votes e.g 2007 1000s of wasted
  votes
• Constituents unsure who to go to for help e.g
  Kenneth Gibson or Annabel Goldie?
• Often leads to minority government e.g. SNP 2007

5
Role of the First Minister

• Chooses the cabinet e.g. Nicola Sturgeon is
  Deputy FM
• Gives TV interviews representing the government
  e.g. to STV on independence
• Answers First Ministers Questions e.g. on CfE
  National 5

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Role of a MSP

• In the constituency (Cunningham North)
• Surgery e.g. Keneth Gibsons surgery is in
  Saltcoats
• Visits school e.g. Kenneth Gibson visited
  Ardrossan Academy
• In Parliament (Holyrood)
• Vote e.g. on the smoking ban
• Debate e.g. on independence

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Independence Debate

• Why some people want independence
• Control of reserved powers e.g. many unhappy with
  bedroom tax
• Scottish identity e.g Census 2011 62 Scots feel
  Scottish only
• Why some people do not want independence
• Happy for UK parliament to control reserved
  powers e.g. many happy UK went to war in Iraq
• British identity e.g. Census 2011 18 Scots feel
  Scottish and British

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Rights and responsibilities

• Right to vote responsibility to use your vote
  e.g. you could vote for Scottish Labour
• Right to free speech responsibility not to
  spread hate e.g. anyone could give an interview
  on STV about independence
• Right to protest responsibility to do so
  peacefully e.g. Nil By Mouth do this in Glasgow

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Ways to take part in politics

• Vote e.g. Scottish Greens
• Protest e.g. with Scottish SPCA
• Sign a Petition e.g. for SCND
• Take part in a referendum e.g. on 18th September
  2014 on independence

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Campaign methods

• Canvassing e.g. Scottish Lib Dem might visit
  Cunninghame North
• Leaflets and Posters e.g. for Scottish
  Conservative
• Loudspeaker e.g. Scottish Labour may use this
• Social Media e.g. SNP are on Facebook

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Ways Pressure Groups influence government

• Petitions e.g. Nil By Mouth may collect a
  petition against sectarianism
• Peaceful Marches e.g. Not in My Name marched
  against the Iraq War
• Letter Writing e.g. Scottish SPCA may write a
  letter to Alex Salmond

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Why Pressure groups are powerful

• Power in numbers e.g. Scottish SPCA have
  thousands of members
• Experts on their issue e.g. Nil By Mouth are
  experts on sectarianism in the West of Scotland
• Some insider groups invited to speak to
  parliament e.g. British Medical Association spoke
  to the health committee before the smoking ban

13
Ways local councils are funded

• Council tax e.g. people pay this in Glasgow City
  council
• Business rates e.g. ASDA Ardrossan pays rates to
  North Ayrshire Council
• Government grants e.g SNP gives money to North
  Ayrshire Council

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Ways local council decisions affect people in
Scotland

• Police and Fire - makes the area safer e.g.
  Saltcoats Police Station
• Planning makes the area more suitable e.g. the
  proposed merger between Ardrossan and
  Auchenharvie Academies was stopped
• Leisure Centres makes people healthier e.g.
  Auchenharvie leisure centre in North Ayrshire
  Council

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• Section C
• Social Inequality in the UK

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Why some people have good health/ causes of
illness

• Why some people have good health/ causes of poor
  health
• Poverty e.g. Life expectancy in Calton is 54 but
  in Lenzie its 89
• Poor housing e.g. 85 children in damp homes have
  breathing problems
• Age e.g. 98 of those with dementia are 65
• Lifestyle choice e.g. 90 of cancer is caused by
  smoking
• Why some people have good health
• Opposite of all above

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Choose either Social class (poverty). Race.
Gender. Age. Explain why this issue causes poor
health

• Social Class
• Poor housing e.g. 85 of children I damp homes
  have breathing problems
• Stress e.g. ¼ Scots have mental illness
• Poor diet e.g. cheap frozen diet can lead to
  stomach cancer

Age Age related illness e.g. 98 dementia
patients are over 65 Wear and tear e.g.80 people
over 60 have arthiritis Common illnesses can kill
older people e.g. free flu jags are offered to 65
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Ways government has tried to improve health in
Scotland

• NHS Scotland e.g. free maternity care at
  Crosshouse
• Laws e.g. smoking ban
• Health policies e.g. free prescriptions
• Health campaigns e.g. Change 4 Life
• Targeting those in poverty e.g. free school meals
• Free flu jags e.g. over 65s in Glasgow get this

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Individual actions to improving health

• Exercise more often e.g. at Auchenharvie Leisure
  Centre
• Stop smoking/ drinking/ abusing drugs e.g. 90
  cancers caused by smoking
• Choose a healthier diet e.g 65 of Scots are
  overweight

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Causes of poverty / why some people live in
poverty in the UK

• Unemployment e.g. 1/4 Brits unemployed
• Area e.g. The poorest area in Scotland is North
  East Glasgow (1/2 in poverty).
• Family type e.g. Children in single parent
  families are 2x more likely to live in relative
  poverty
• Gender e.g. only 2/100 top 100 earners in UK
  are women

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Consequences of living in poverty

• Poor housing e.g. 85 children in damp homes have
  breathing problems
• Mental illness e.g. 1/4 Scots mentally ill
• Poor diet e.g. frozen food can lead to stomach
  cancer
• Social exclusion e.g. you may feel this way in
  Easterhouse

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Financial benefits provided by government to help
those in need

• EMA e.g. 30 PER WEEK AT Ardrossan Academy
• FREE SCHOOL MEALS e.g. 30 Scots receive it
• FREE TUITION AT UNI e.g. to Glasgow Uni
• JOB SEEKERS ALLOWANCE e.g. 54 per week for those
  16-24

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Choose either Unemployed. Lone Parent Families.
Ethnic Minorities. Disabled. Explain ways the
government provides help for this group

• Lone Parent Families
• EMA e.g.30 per week at Ardrossan Academy
• FREE SCHOOL MEALS e.g. 33 of pupils at Ardrossan
  Academy
• CLOTHING VOUCHERS e.g. at Ardrossan Acadmey

Unemployed JOB CENTRE e.g. in Saltcoats JSA
e.g. 72 per week for 25 HOUSING BENEFIT e.g.
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• Section E
• World Powers
• USA

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Social and economic inequality

• Education ghettos schools v vanilla suburban
  schools e.g. Harper High in Chicago
• Health no insurance vs private insurance e.g. 10
  children no insurance at all
• Housing ghettos vs suburb gated communites e.g.
  Bronx vs Hollywood
• Crime ghetto violence vs suburbs e.g. a murder
  every 30 mins

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Choose one Poor Health. Poor Education. Poor
Housing explain why this issue continues to exist

• Education
• Have to pay for Uni e.g. Harvard Uni
• Violence in ghetto schools e.g. in Abraham
  Lincoln High
• Lack of materials in ghetto schools e.g. Harper
  High in Chicago

Health No insurance at all for poorest people
10 children no insurance Cheap insurance e.g.
Medicaid Cant join an insurance company with
existing illness e.g. Autistic
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Government responses to tackle inequality

• Obamacare Over 100 million Americans have
  benefited from obamacare
• SNAP replacing food stamps with pre laoded
  credit card to be in used in supermarkets e.g. in
  Walmart, New York
• TANF - benefit to help needy families pay for
  food and bills while encouraging single parents
  to work e.g. 4 million Americans receive TANF
• Affirmative Action quota places for ethnics in
  workplaces and universities e.g. 12 of UCLA
  places are set aside for African Americans

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Institutions of government

• Executive President is the figurehead of USA
  e.g. Barack Obama
• Legislative congress makes the laws e.g.
  Obamacare
• Judicial supreme court protects bill of rights
  e.g. right to bear arms

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Ways to participate in politics

• Vote e.g. Democrats
• Stand as a candidate e.g. President
• Protest e.g. with Moms Against Guns
• Register to vote e.g. in Texas
• Join a political party / interest group e.g NRA

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Rights and responsibilities

• Vote but use it e.g. Democrats
• Protest but do so responsibly e.g. with Moms
  Against Guns
• Free speech but dont spread hate e.g. KKK spread
  hate in Alabama

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Why some people criticise government for limiting
their political rights

• Right to bear arms NRA are unhappy with gun
  control e.g. Obama campaigned for gun control
  after Conneticut school shooting
• Right to Free Speech groups like KKK are
  unhappy with anti racist laws e.g. in Louisiana
• Right to Vote prisoners are unhappy they cant
  vote e.g. in Indiana State Prison

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campaign

• Vote but use it e.g. Democrats
• Protest but do so responsibly e.g. with Moms
  Against Guns
• Free speech but dont spread hate e.g. KKK spread
  hate in Alabama

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How to influence the government

• Interest groups e.g. Border Angels
• Social Media e.g like Obama on Facebook
• Vote e.g. Republican