Industrial Prosperity, Urbanization

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Industrial Prosperity, Urbanization Democracy

• SS.A.3.4.8 SS.A.1.4.2 Ss.B.1.4.4 SS.B.2.4.5

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The Second Industrial Revolution

• Second Industrial Revolution steel, chemicals,
  electricity, petroleum
• Steel lighter, stronger machines taller
  buildings
• Telephone helps communication
• Streetcars and subways allow cities to grow
• Automobiles allow for greater mobility
• Department stores sell many goods in one shop
• In Europe, Britain, Belgium, France, Netherlands,
  N. Italy and Germany industrialize rest of
  Europe provides raw materialsworld economy
  emerges

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The Working Classes

• 1848 German thinkers Karl Marx Friederick
  Engels publishes The Communist Manifesto
• Advocates revolution, dictatorship,
  reorganization of society, withering of state
• Socialist workers parties emerge
• Many differing ideas among groups
• Trade Unions represent workers interests
• Improve work conditions

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Mass Society

• Cities grow as more people move from country,
  lower classmajority
• Concerns of majority at forefront
• London population 6.5 million
• Living conditions improve in cities
• Delivery of water is essential, gas heaters
  provide many with hot baths
• Sewage systems improveFrankfurt
• Standard of living improves for many

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New Social Order

• New elites old landed aristocrats, join rich
  industrialists and professionals in upper class
• Middle class professionals skilled workers
• Shared common values hard work, religious
• Working class 80 of European population
• Women get new job opportunities
• Families begin to shrink with living space
• Feminism, and womens rights movements
• Women demand right to vote
• Universal education advocated, literacy
• Leisure time becomes more common

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Democracy In Western Europe

• More Europeans get right to vote, demand fair and
  responsive government
• Great Britains two parties alternate power
• After Napoleon IIIs fall, Third French Republic
  est in 1875, though weak, the republic had
  loyalty of the people
• Italy much conflict b/w rich industrial north,
  and poor rural south

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Old Ways Central/Eastern Europe

• Germanys William II fires Bismarck and pushes
  against spread of democracy
• Germanyvery powerful military
• Austro-Hungarian empire fights to keep control of
  its lands, oppresses reforms
• Russias Nicholas II industrializes Russia, holds
  absolute power, creates weak legislature (Duma)
  pushed by socialist groups
• Russia supports Slav uprisings in Balkans

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United States

• Slaves freed, racist laws arise in South
• Economy explodes with growth
• European immigration to U.S. provides steady
  workforce 1870-1900 11 million
• 1900 U.S. is worlds richest nation
• Top 7 owns 71 of wealth
• Expands territory, buys Alaska from Russia,
  colonizes Hawaii
• 1898 U.S. wins Spanish-American War gains Puerto
  Rico, Cuba, Philippines, Guam
• Cuba given independence, with U.S. control

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International Rivalries

• Germanys emergence upsets balance
• Triple Alliance German, Austria-Hungary and
  Italy join against France
• Triple Entente France, Britain, Russia
• Serbians, Slavs, Poles rise up, cause dangerous
  environment between two alliancessets stage for
  World War I

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Work On It

• On Page 642, write and answer questions 1-22