Exploring Engineering

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Exploring Engineering

• Chapter 17
• Project Management

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• Project Management Tools

http//www.conceptmouldings.co.uk/images/project_m
anagement_2.jpg
Failure to plan is planning to fail.
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Four Important Project Management Topics
Documentation
Team Work
Scheduling
Time Management
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Why is Group Work Emphasized?

• Early 1800s musket had 51 parts
• 1840s Springfield rifle had 140 parts
• Late 1800s bicycle had gt 200 parts
• Automobile gt 10,000 parts
• Boeing 747 gt 5 million parts
• one person does not have the time or expertise!

Example adapted from David Ullmans book The
Mechanical Design Process
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Successful Teams
Ability
Problem
Effort
Attitude
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Successful Team Attributes

1. Have a common goal.
2. Leadership.
3. Each member makes a unique contribution.
4. Effective team communication
5. Creative spark.
6. Harmonious team member relationships.
7. Effective planning and resource use.

From Oakes, Leones, and Gunns book Engineering
Your Future An Introduction to Engineering
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Successful Team Member Attributes

1. Attendance.
2. Responsible.
3. Abilities.
4. Creative, Energetic.
5. Personality.

From Oakes, Leones, and Gunns book Engineering
Your Future An Introduction to Engineering
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There Are Three Types of Documentation

• Design Records
• Communications w/Management
• Communication of the Final Design Downstream

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Many Types of Information Should Be Documented
Documentation
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Logbooks
Companies usually have specific requirements
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What Should Be Documented In Your Logbook

• All the information needed to develop the design.
• The justifications for the design decisions.

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Why Logbooks Are Used

• Dont loose information
• Dont reinvent the wheel
• Pass information to others
• Required to defend a patent
• Protects you in a lawsuit

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What Should Be In Your Logbook

• Simple include everything relevant to the
  project.
• meeting notes
• calculations
• sketches
• ideas
• etc.

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What Should Not Be In Your Logbook

• Do not enter your personal opinions about the
  design. For example, say There is a 70 chance
  a crack will develop instead of saying The
  design is dangerous.

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Your Logbook Assignment

• Each team member will keep a logbook.
• Always bring your logbook to class and put your
  class notes in it.
• Logbooks are part of your final grade.
• Logbooks may be checked at unannounced intervals.

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Design Reviews Communicate With Management

• They are used to review project details.
• Can be paper and/or presentation based
• Consider your audience
• Be prepared (good visuals and additional
  information)

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There Are Several Ways To Communicate Design
Details

• Computer files
• Detailed Drawings
• Assembly Drawings
• Bill of Materials (BOM)
• Etc

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Engineering Drawings

• Dimensions with tolerances
• Material specifications
• Notes for special requirements
• Manufacturing
• Inspection
• Etc

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Drawings Frequently Have A Bill of Materials (BOM)

• The assembly drawing conveys how parts fit
  together
• The BOM is the shopping list for the design

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Successful Projects Meet Four Goals
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Plan Your Time Well
High
Poor planning and monitoring not enough
resources to finish on time
Resource Use
Low
Conceiving
Planning
Implementing
Completing
Project Phase
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Changes Are Harder Later
High
Cost To Change
Conceiving
Planning
Implementing
Completing
Low
Project Phase
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Project Management Tools

• Statement of Work (SOW) Clients description,
  generally provided in narrative format.
• Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) List of tasks to
  be completed.
• Must have two or more subtasks.
• Must have time and personnel estimate.
• Must be complete K.I.S.S.
• Linear Responsibility Chart (LRC) Who does
  what.

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Project Management Tools

• Program Review and Evaluation Technique (PERT)
  Graphically review task flow.
• Critical Path Sequence of tasks that control
  the minimal project length.
• GANTT Chart Graphical schedule.
• Percent Complete Matrix Simple method for
  checking progress.

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Example An Engine Rebuild

• WBS?
• PERT?
• Slack Time
• Critical Path
• GANTT?
• PCM?

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Gantt Chart For An Engine Rebuild
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Schedule Prioritize

• Schedule using daily and longer term calendars.
• Prioritize your daily plan.
• Create a prioritized TO-DO list
• AVital
• BImportant
• COptional

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• Example

Completed Deleted InProgress
ABC Prioritized Daily Task List
Complete math hw
Attempt chemistry hw
Buy stamps
Plan day
Pickup Cliff Notes
Review Psychology
Adapted from FranklinCovey
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What You Should Do

• Use a planner (either electronic or paper)
• Daily prioritized task list required. Use the
  A1, A2, B1, etc. prioritizing notation.
• Calendar scheduling required (ex. Write in your
  exam dates and project due dates)