Advanced Placement United States History

1
Advanced PlacementUnited StatesHistory

• Chapters One -Two
• Kennedy /Cohen/ Bailey
• The American Pageant Lecture Outline

2
Topics

• Pre-Columbian Discoveries
• Indirect Influences Promoting New New World
  Discovery
• Early New World Explorers
• English Exploration-Settlement
• Plantation Colonies
• Credits

3
Beringia

• Ice Age Connection Between Asia Americas

CHAP. 1
4
Vikings
Eric the Red Leif Ericson

• Scandanavia - Iceland - Vinland

5
Indirect InfluencesPromoting Exploration

• Christian Crusades (11th-14th centuries)
• Silks, Spices, Perfumes, Medicines
• Italian Capitalists Venice, Genoa
• Marco Polo Cathay (China), 1295
• Inventions
• Middle Class Merchants
• National Monarchies

6
Indirect InfluencesPromoting Exploration
Spices
Nutmeg
Mace
Pepper
Cloves
7
Indirect InfluencesPromoting Exploration
Mariners Astrolabe
Japanese
Silk
8
Indirect InfluencesPromoting Exploration
Marco Polo
Kublia Khan
Returned in 1295
Cathay (China)
9
Indirect InfluencesPromoting Exploration
Guttenberg Press 1489 Map by Henricus Martellus
10
Indirect InfluencesPromoting Exploration
Nau (Ship)
Nina
S.M.
Caravel
The Ships of Columbus
Santa Maria
11
Indirect InfluencesPromoting Exploration
National Monarchies
12
Portuguese NavigatorsEarly New World Explorers

• Bartholomeu Diaz 1488 Africa
• Vasco da Gama 1498 India
• Pedro Cabral 1500 - Brazil

13
Portuguese NavigatorsEarly New World Explorers
14
Spanish UnificationAragon Castile
15
Spanish Unification
16
Voyages of Columbus

• October 12, 1492 - Bahamas
• Additional Voyages - 1493, 1498, 1502

17
NOTES

• Northwest Passage
• Individual Entrepreneurs
• Mestizos
• Columbian Exchange
• Treaty of Tordesillas

18
The Columbian Exchange
Potatoes
Sugar Cane
The Two-Way Transfer of People, Foods, Animals,
Disease Between the Americas and
Europe/Africa/Asia
19
The Columbian Exchange
20
The Columbian Exchange
West to East Tobacco, Potatoes, Corn, Peppers, Chocolate, Beans Peanuts, Tomatoes, Cotton, Pineapples, Pumpkins, Squash East to West Sugar, Coffee, Tea, Rice, Pears, Lemon, Orange, Horses, Cattle, Pigs, Goats, Small Pox, African Slaves, Measles
21
Spanish Explorers

• Vasco Nunez Balboa 1513
• Ferdinand Magellan 1519
• Juan Ponce de Leon 1519
• Francisco Coronado 1540-42
• Hernando de Soto 1539-42

22
Hernando Cortes 1519-1521
Aztecs Quetzalcoatl Tenochtitlan
23
Aztec Empire - 1519
24
Francisco Pizarro - 1532
Conquistadors - Peru
25
Early English New World Exploration

• Sir Humphrey Gilbert 1583
• Sir Walter Raleigh 1580s, Roanoke Island

English Flag
26
Conditions Promoting English Colonization

• English Middle Class
• Joint Stock Companies
• England vs. Spain, New World Rivals

27

• Sea Dogs 1580

Elizabeth I
Golden Hine
Sir Francis Drake
28
Spanish Armada, 1588
Philip II of Spain
29
Spanish Armada, 1588
150 Spanish ships, 30,000 men
30
Englands New World Empire
Circa 1776

• New England Colonies
• Middle Colonies
• Plantation Colonies

31
Englands New World EmpireSouthern
PlantationColonies

• Maryland
• Virginia
• North Carolina
• South Carolina
• Georgia

Colonial Capitol at Williamsburg, Virginia
32
Virginia Colony

• Virginia Company
• of London
• James I
• Jamestown
• Winter of 1609-10

The British ships Susan Constant, Godspeed,
Discovery arrived May, 1607 to establish
Jamestown.
33
Virginia Colony

• John Smith
• John Rolfe tobacco

Capt. John Smith
Pocahontas
34
Virginia Colony

• 1619 Dutch warship sells 16 African laborers to
  Jamestown
• (slaves or indentured servants?)

Slaves in the Middle Passage Circa 1700
35
Virginia Colony

• House of Burgesses Established July 30, 1619

Early House Structure
First Meeting, July 30, 1619
36
NOTES
English Civil War Roundheads vs. Cavaliers

• Roundheads Protestants Parliamentarians
  (Oliver Cromwell)
• Cavaliers Royalists and Catholics
  (Charles I)

37
NOTES
Bacons Rebellion, 1676

• Governor William Berkley of Virginia
• Nathaniel Bacon

After Bacons Rebellion Virginia Planters
turned to slavery for a labor supply instead of
Indentured Servants
38
Maryland Colony

• George Calvert, 1st Lord Baltimore
• Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Lord Baltimore

Marylands Act of Toleration 1649
39
The Carolina Colonies

• NOTES
• Eight Lords Proprietor, 1663-1665
• Charles Town Charleston
• English Law of Primogenitor
• Rice and Indigo
• North Carolina, 1712

40
Georgia Colony

• James Oglethorpe, 1733
• Spanish Florida

41
Credits

• Beringia - http//www.nps.gov/akso/beringia/whati
  sberingia2.htm
• Viking boats - http//www.ancientstoneart.co.uk/ga
  llery/viking/
• http//www.athenapub.com/vinland1.htm
• Guttenberg Press - http//www.historyguide.org/int
  ellect/press.html http//users.bestweb.net/bpres
  s/press/guten.html
• 1489 Map - http//www.henry-davis.com/MAPS/LMwebpa
  ges/256.html
• Mariners Astrolabe - http//www.astrolabes.org/MA
  RINER.HTM
• Japanese Silk - http//www.trocadero.com/blueandwh
  iteamerica/items/4784/item4784store.htmlitem
• Naus (ships) Caravels - http//www.thenina.com/s
  tory.html http//www.oldmapsbooks.com/MapPage/Map
  Pages528xx/52852cara.htm http//beatl.barnard.col
  umbia.edu/students/his3487/cole/ships.html
• Spices - http//www-ang.kfunigraz.ac.at/katzer/en
  gl/generic_frame.html?Syzy_aro.html
  http//www.erowid.org/plants/show_image.php3?image
  nutmeg/myristica_fragrans2.jpg
• Spices - http//www.bgsales.com/gourmet/peppcorn.a
  sp
• Marco Polo - http//acc6.its.brooklyn.cuny.edu/ph
  alsall/images/marcpolo.jpg
• Kublia Khan - http//acc6.its.brooklyn.cuny.edu/p
  halsall/images/kublai.jpg
• Chinese Art - http//pasture.ecn.purdue.edu/agenh
  tml/agenmc/china/images/art/pic4.gif
• Henry VIII - http//tudorhistory.org/henry8/henryh
  olbein.jpg
• Elizabeth I - http//www.geocities.com/athens/foru
  m/9194/elizfeat.jpg
• Philip II - http//mr_sedivy.tripod.com/monarch.ht
  ml
• Red Sea Map - http//www.ucalgary.ca/applied_hist
  ory/tutor/eurvoya/vasco2.html

42
Credits

• Isabella Ferdinand Spanish Crests Sp. Empire
  map http//www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/e
  urvoya/Imperial.html
• Castile/Aragon map - http//www.ucalgary.ca/applie
  d_history/tutor/eurvoya/Iberian.html
• Columbus - http//www1.minn.net/keithp/index.
  htmhttp//www.aoc.gov/cc/art/rotunda/frieze/cortez
  _l.htm
• Columbian Exchange Map - http//www.history.pdx.ed
  u/hst201dj/colexch1.htm
• Potatoes http//daphne.palomar.edu/scrout/potato
  .htm
• Sugar Cane - http//daphne.palomar.edu/scrout/imag
  es/sugar1.jpg
• Cortes - http//www.aoc.gov/cc/art/rotunda/frieze/
  cortez_l.htm
• Aztec - http//www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tu
  tor/eurvoya/aztec.html
• Pizzaro - http//www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/t
  utor/eurvoya/inca.html

43
Credits

• Sir Walter Raleigh - http//tudorhistory.org/peopl
  e/raleigh/raleigh2.jpg
• Sir Humphrey Gilbert - http//www.mun.ca/rels/hrol
  lmann/relsoc/16th.html
• Sir Francis Drake - http//www2.kenyon.edu/people/
  staplesa/sir_francis_drake-attributed_to_mgty-1591
  .jpg 
• Elizabeth I - http//www2.kenyon.edu/people/stapl
  esa/elizabeth_in_1592-world_portrait-ditchley.jpg
• Spanish Armada - http//www.channel4.com/history/m
  icrosites/H/history/pirates/armada1.html
• http//www.chavacano.org/spanish_armada_in_early_1
  600s.htm
• 13 Colonies Map - http//www.btinternet.com/briti
  shempire/empire/maproom/13colonies.htm
• Williamsburg Capitol - http//members.tripod.com/W
  msburg/page_2.htm
• Jamestown ships - http//www.williamsburg.com/jame
  s/james.html
• Capt. John Smith - http//www.apva.org/history/jsm
  ith.html
• Pocahontas - http//www.vahistorical.org/exhibits
  /Howe.jpg
• Slave - http//web.uccs.edu/history/images/slave
  inchains.jpg 
• Slaveship - http//web.uccs.edu/history/images/sl
  aveship.jpg
• House of Burgesses - http//www.williamsburgpostca
  rds.com/other/other161.htm
• House of Burgesses Meeting - http//www.nps.gov/co
  lo/Jthanout/1stASSLY.html
• Oliver Cromwell - http//www.assumption.edu/HTML/A
  cademic/history/Hi118net/Cromwell.html
• Calvert - http//www.epfl.net/exhibits/lordsbaltim
  ore/cecil800.html