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Ch. 13: NC Competency Goals

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Ch. 13: NC Competency Goals US 4.01: Compare and contrast the different groups of people who migrated to the West and describe the problems they experienced. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Ch. 13: NC Competency Goals


1
Ch. 13 NC Competency Goals
  • US 4.01 Compare and contrast the different
    groups of people who migrated to the West and
    describe the problems they experienced.
  • US 4.02 Evaluate the impact that settlement in
    the West had upon different groups of people and
    the environment.
  • US 4.03 Describe the causes and effects of the
    financial difficulties that plagued the American
    farmer and trace the rise and decline of
    Populism.
  • US 4.04 Describe innovations in agricultural
    technology and business practices and assess
    their impact on the West.
  • Student Objectives
  • By the end of this chapter, students will be able
    to
  • Identify explain key terms on pages 417, 424,
    429, successfully complete the chapter review
    on pages 432-433.
  • Identify explain the reasons for the population
    explosion in the West
  • Identify explain the life of farmers miners
    new inventions that helped them cope on the Great
    Plains
  • Create a geographical map of the USA
  • Identify explain the reasons behind the
    tensions between settlers Native Americans
  • Explain the economic problems facing farmers
  • Identify the different political groups organized
    to fight for farmers
  • Analyze the effectiveness of the Populist Movement

2
Introduction
  • As more white settlers moved West, conflicts with
    Native Americans increased
  • Settlers on the Great Plains made farming in the
    west profitable
  • After decades of economic hardships, farmers
    unify create a political party.

3
Native Americans
  • Many of the Plains tribes were nomadic
  • They moved followed food
  • Lived in small extended families
  • Buffalo was most important animal
  • Provided clothes, weapons, shelter, toys, etc.
  • Land was for tribal use no land ownership
  • Many tribes were relocated to the Great Plains
    during the 1830s
  • Moved onto reservations
  • Land did not support buffalo soil was poor
    quality
  • Those in charge of reservations often took the
    money without improving life on the reservations

4
Railroads the Buffalo
  • Railroads expanding westward
  • Killed millions of buffalo to create tracks for
    fun
  • Disappearing Buffalo
  • 1800 15,000,000
  • 1886 lt 1,000
  • Devastated the Plains Tribes
  • Their way of life was disappearing how will
    they live?
  • Almost all the buffalo were killed, but they are
    making a slow return.

5
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6
Mounting Tensions
Native Americans pushed west
Settlers want Native American Land (gold, soil)
Native Americans pushed further west
Native Americans began attacking white settlers
1867 land treaties violated
1867 Several treaties signed. Temporary peace
Fighting btwn. Native Americans Army escalates
US Military gets Involved!
1870s Miners enter Black Hills searching for
gold
Sioux Tribe heads west to Montana searching for
new land
Movement scares crap out of Army
Begins Indian Wars
Black Hills land promised to Native Americans in
1867
7
Mounting Tensions
Native Americans pushed west
Native Americans pushed further west
Native Americans began attacking white settlers
1867 land treaties violated
Fighting btwn. Native Americans Army escalates
US Military gets Involved!
Sioux Tribe heads west to Montana searching for
new land
Movement scares crap out of Army
8
Sand Creek Massacre, 1864
  • Under command of Col. Chivington, the US Army
    attacks Cheyenne Arapaho living at Sand Creek
  • Chivington gave direct orders to kill everyone
    no prisoners
  • US Army slaughtered hundreds of women, children
    elderly

9
  • The massacre lasted six or eight hours.I tell
    you Ned it was hard to see little children on
    their knees have their brains beat out by men
    professing to be civilized.there was no
    organization among our troops, they were a
    perfect mob.You would think it impossible for
    white men to butcher and mutilate human beings as
    they did there, but every word I have told you is
    the truth.It was almost impossible to save any
    of them. When the women were killed the Bucks did
    not seem to try and get away, but fought
    desperately.Charly Autobee saved John
    Smith.They were going to murder Charlie Bent,
    but I run him into the Fort.I expect we will
    have a hell of a time with the Indians this
    winter.
  • -Captain Silas Soule1st Colorado Cavalry (USV)
    to Major Edward Wynkoop, former commander, Fort
    Lyon, Colorado Territory. December 14, 1864
  • I heard Colonel Chivington give no orders in
    regard to prisoners. I tried to take none myself,
    but killed all I couldI think and earnestly
    believe the Indian to be an obstacle to
    civilization and should be exterminated.
  • -Major Jacob Downing3rd Colorado Cavalry (USV

10
Battle of Little BighornJune 1867
  • United under tribal elders, Crazy Horse Sitting
    Bull, Sioux tribe moving west to find new land
  • General Custer sent to capture them bring them
    back to the reservation
  • Sitting Bull Crazy Horse ambush Custers 7th
    Cavalry slaughter the military
  • 1st battle of the Indian Wars
  • Custer his men were dead within minutes
  • Scalped, etc.

11
More Resistance
  • In 1877, the Nez Perce, under Chief Joseph, fled
    fought the US Army to avoid being put onto a
    reservation
  • In 75 days, they traveled 1300 miles trying to
    get to Canada
  • Unsuccessful, stopped just short of the Canadian
    border ?
  • Forced onto reservations
  • The Apaches under Chief Geronimo were relocated
    to Florida, then back to Oklahoma
  • The Arizona Apache tribe was the last to continue
    resisting forced resettlement onto reservations

12
Chief Joseph I will fight no more, forever.
  • Tell General Howard I know his heart. What he
    told me
  • before, I have it in my heart. I am tired of
    fighting. Our
  • Chiefs are killed Looking Glass is dead, Ta Hool
    Hool
  • Shute is dead. The old men are all dead. It is
    the young men
  • who say yes or no. He who led on the young men is
    dead. It
  • is cold, and we have no blankets the little
    children are
  • freezing to death. My people, some of them, have
    run away
  • to the hills, and have no blankets, no food. No
    one knows
  • where they are - perhaps freezing to death. I
    want to have
  • time to look for my children, and see how many of
    them I
  • can find. Maybe I shall find them among the dead.
    Hear me,
  • my Chiefs! I am tired my heart is sick and sad.
    From where
  • the sun now stands I will fight no more forever.
  • Chief Joseph - Thunder Traveling to the Loftier
    Mountain Heights - 1877

13
Assimilation
  • To Americanize
  • Give up beliefs, try to look act like white
    people
  • Make more like white Americans
  • Dawes Act 1887 Attempt to assimilate Native
    Americans
  • Taught their culture was savage
  • Reservations were broken up
  • Forced Native Americans to be farmers
  • Bad tools, soil services
  • Good land was swindled from Native Americans in
    bad land deals
  • Children forced to attend American schools
  • Taught English language, dress,
  • culture, etc.

14
Wovoka
  • Piute Chief
  • Wanted to make things the way were before white
    men came
  • Practiced the Ghost Dance Purification dance
    that would bring back their traditional life
  • Cleanses the Native American spirit prepares
    him/her for the afterlife
  • Cleanses Native Americans of white influences

15
Battle of Wounded Knee12/29/1890
  • Ghost Dance was performed by the Native American
    to restore buffalo make whites vanish.
  • Alarmed military leaders settlers theyd
    never seen this before
  • Sitting Bull was killed sparked conflict
  • A gun suddenly went off
  • 300 unarmed Native Americans were slaughtered
  • Mostly women, children the elderly
  • Ended the Indian Wars

16
Reasons Why Native AmericansLost the Indian Wars
  1. Often fought against the US Army as individual
    tribes they did not unite
  2. Were no match for Army artillery

17
Helen Hunt Jackson
  • Wrote A Century of Dishonor about the broken
    promises to the Native Americans
  • Land deals, agricultural education, treaties
    etc.
  • Brought Native American issue into the homes,
    just like Uncle Toms Cabin brought slavery into
    the home!

18
Native American Civil Rights
  • 1924 Native Americans declared citizens of
    the US
  • 1932 Native Americans can consolidate land
  • 1964 Finally given the right to vote during
    the Voting Rights Act
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