Cult Of Personality

1
Cult Of Personality

• A cult of personality or personality cult arises
  when a country's leader uses mass media to create
  a larger-than-life public image through
  unquestioning flattery and praise.

2
Stalin the cult of personality
3
Secret Agreement

• German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact secret
  agreement between Stalin and Hitler
• neither country would attack each other

4
Liar!

• Hitler lied!
• 1941- Operation Barbarossa
• Germany fully attacks Russia!

5
Stalins Rule Against Trotsky

• After Stalin came to power he wanted Trotsky out
• Trotsky was banished three times from three
  places
• 1st Expelled from Moscow
• 2nd Expelled from the Communist Party
• 3rd Expelled from Russia in 1936
• Trotsky fled to Mexico in 1936
• He was assassinated by Stalins orders in 1940
• Stalin also had others assassinated under his
  rule including one of his own-Serge Kirov in
  1934. This was done as a show-trial

6
Trotskys Blame

• During Stalins rule
• Russias economic system failed
• Violence, fear, and starvation occurred
  throughout the country
• Trotsky was blamed for it all
• called Trotskyism
• Trotsky was blamed even after his assassination
• Those who were associated with Trotsky were
  executed
• In all, over 20 million citizens were purged
  (killed, imprisoned, or severely made to change)

7
Stalin Dies

• Stalin ruled as absolute dictator throughout WWII
  and until his death on March 5th, 1953.
• Theory on how he died
• 1.Stalin was poisoned with warfarin, a powerful
  rat poison that makes blood rush to your brain,
  and the victim has a hemorrhagic stroke
  (cerebral hemorrhage).
• 2.He probably suffered a stroke that paralyzed
  the right side of his body. Later dying of
  cerebral hemorrhage

8
Communism

• Communism
• Social Utopia where all property is held in
  common and ALL are equal
• (Production and goods are commonly owned)

Friedrich Engels Karl Marx
9
Socialism

• Socialism A social system or theory in which
  the producers possess political power and the
  means of producing and distributing goods

10
Capitalism
Adam Smith

• Capitalism Economic system characterized by
  open competition in a free market and by private
  corporate ownership of the means of production
  and distribution

Smith devised a set of concepts that remain
strongly associated with capitalism today,
particularly his theory of the "invisible hand"
of the market, through which the pursuit of
individual interest produces a collective good
for society.
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Symbolism

• Russian Revolution Animal Farm
• Stalin Napoleon
• Communism Animalism

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Allegory

• Underlying meaning and surface meaning
• -Grand in scope

13
FABLE

• - A short story that has a moral and has animals
  as characters

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SATIRE

• -A story that makes fun of something

15
George Orwell

• George Orwell Eric Blair
• Animal Farm A Fairy Story
• Orwell was born in England in 1903 and passed
  away in 1950
• Educated at private schools including Eton
• Was a part of snobbishness and elitism which lead
  him to hating the class system
• disapproved of Communism
• a socialist
• Communism was not pure socialism because
• gulf in society
• control of the peasants
• Hypocritical
• used his writings to communicate a political
  message

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Orwell and Satire

• Orwell became a socialist as well as a satirist
• Satire The use of ridicule to attack
  ideas/failures/evil action
• Orwell became a critic of capitalism and
  communism
• Animal Farm is a Satire and an Allegory

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Characters and Their Historical Correlation

• Napoleon Pig, Joseph Stalin and Napoleon B. of
  France
• Snowball Pig, Leon Trotsky
• Boxer Cart Horse, Working Class
  Society/Inability to think for self
• Squealer Pig, Spread a propaganda

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• Major Prize Winning Boar, Karl Marx and V.
  Lenin
• Clover Female Cart Horse, Ignorant Society
• Moses Tame Raven, Religion/Hope
• Mollie Mare, Bourgeoisie (upper middle-class)
• Benjamin Long Lived Donkey, Satirist-Change is
  inevitable

19
Characters and Their Historical Correlation

• Muriel Goat, helps convey the rules/7
  commandments
• Mr. Jones Manor Farm, Tsar Nicholas II
• Mr. Frederick Pinchfield Farm, Hitler/Nazi
  Germany
• Mr. Pilkington Foxwood Farm, Capitalist
  England/U.S.A.

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Characters and Their Historical Correlation

• Mr. Whymper Human Solicitor, ties humans and
  animals together
• Jessie and Bluebell/Pups Dogs, Stalins brute
  force-rep. of Hitlers brainwashed society
• Minimus Poet Pig, Manipulator of History
  (Songs)

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Chapters 1 (Summary)

• Drunken Mr. Jones to bed/animals meet in the barn
• Major Wishes to pass his wisdom
• Talks about miserable lives and manipulation/born
  as slaves
• Could live in luxury given the resources
• Use the products of their labors
• Dream from the Previous Night
• Live free and happy
• Animals vs. humans (2 legged walking creatures)
• Once they take the humans they cant acquire
  their traits
• Ex live in a house, sleep in beds, drink,
  smoke, , clothes, trade (p. 31)
• Beasts of England ---an animal Utopia
• Mr. Jones fires a shotgun and stops the commotion

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Chapter 1 (Analysis)

• Beasts of England- the animals will finally be
  free from mans dominationenjoy the fruits of
  their labors
• The song words lead to a false reality
• (Reality vs. a Dream Utopia)
• Majors simple belief is that Man is the only
  reason for their evil (makes it easy for anyone
  non human to buy in to the situation
• Idea touches on class struggle, surplus value,
  and domination
• Idea is sincere, but its only a fantasyjust
  like . . .
• Major states All animals are equal
• Lenin dies just as Major-leaving his work
  unfinished
• Ch. 1Historic to period before and during WWI
• Ends with great unrest!

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Chapter 2 (Summary)

• Napoleon/Snowball description (35)
• The Rebellion-Animals take farm and preserve the
  house
• Animalism
• Moses-Sugar Candy Mountain
• 7 Commandments
• 1. 2 legs is the enemy
• 2. 4 legs or wings is a friend
• 3. No clothes
• 4. No bed
• 5. No alcohol
• 6. Not kill any other animal
• 7. All animals are equal

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Chapter 2 (Analysis for Allegory)

• Russian Revolution Becomes very clear
• Manor Farm- Part feudal, Part capitalist Russia
• Major represents Marxs philosophy of communism,
  and Lenin who enacted it Animalism
• Animalsworking class (esp. Boxer and Clover)
• Pigs intelligentsia (organized and controlled
  the Rev.)
• Squealer Propaganda
• Moses Russian Orthodox Church
• Mollie Bourgeoisie (Luxuries)
• Russia began with noble ideas including moral
  dignity and equality-quickly gone on Animal Farm
• Orwells description of pre-rebellion
  misery-social inequality and mistreatment of
  workers

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Chapter 3 (Summary)

• 4 legs good, 2 legs bad -
• Pigs take charge/superiority-
• take the milk
• Raise the pups
• A lot of work is done- BOXER I will work harder
• Flag with hoof and horn (Russian Flag)
• Snowball and Napoleon fight (p48)
• Pigs take human ways (p49)
• Socialists goals became meaningless tools used
  for control
• 4 legs/2 legswhat about wings?
• Dog Army-(p51)
• Manipulation (Read Passage)-(p52)

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Chapter 3 (Analysis)

• Boxers (Peoples) blind faith in the system
• Imbalance of knowledge and literacy
• Pigs/Stalin-sole guardians of Animal Farm/Russian
  principals
• 7 Commandments
• Antihuman directive (no clothes), moral values
  (no kill other animal), utopian ideas (all
  animals equal)
• 4 legs good/2 legs badnot part of the above
  ideals
• Propaganda was used to ignore their own
  unhappiness/shift focus
• Squealer Propaganda to control the people
• Satire Good of the State emphasizes Russias
  own downfall-pokes fun

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Chapter 4 (Summary)

• The Short Version
• Battle of Cowshed
• Medals Animal Hero First Class
• Snowball and Boxer

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Chapter 4 (Analysis)

• Allusion Julius Caesar
• Russian Interwar Period
• Trotsky In order for Communism to work, it has
  to be global
• Domino Effect Non communists become communist
• Pres. Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Johnson
  used this to justify military involvement in
  Turkey, Greece, and Vietnam
• Rumors spread of Russia
• People fight but dont understand what theyre
  fighting for
• Their own oppression Irony
• Orwell was (perhaps) denouncing Comm. non-Comm.
• Mr. Jones Irresponsible/Neglect
• Mr. P Dont do anything

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Chapter 5 (Summary)

• Mollie decides to change sides
• Napoleon/Snowball argue a lot
• Each campaign for supporters
• Windmill plans completed debate over the
  project
• Snowball is attacked and ousted
• Napoleon takes power (Pig Power)
• Boxer adds to his catch phrase I will work
  harder
• Napoleon is always right

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Chapter 5 (Analysis)

• Napoleon rises as did Stalin
• Snowball/Trotsky is banished
• Stalin has his own secret police (intelligentsia)
  Dogs
• 3rd World Country (p64)- Build technology/electric
  ity
• Stalin first balked at it, then adopted it as his
  own idea
• Orwell was part of a Trotskyist group in the late
  1930s during the Spanish Civil War
• Could be why Snowball is looked at in a positive
  manner
• Importance of technological advances in Russia is
  essential
• Much effort was put into the overall change
• As previously mention-Stalin shunned it at 1st,
  then took it as his own

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Chapter 6 (Summary)

• Work weeks were now 60hr/wk and work on Sundays
• Food rations were cut
• Animals eager to take more work b/c its for
  their own benefit
• Mr. Whimper-Human solicitor introduced
• Used to obtain outside goods needed (iron, nails,
  paraffin oil)
• Pigs now live and sleep in farm house
• Commandments changed
• No animal shall sleep in a bed with sheets
• Storm destructs windmill
• Supposed work of Snowball
• Snowball is given a death sentence

32
Chapter 6 (Analysis)

• Government Oppression (not just in Russia)
• Overworked working class
• Government justified luxuries
• Propaganda is used to cover up mistakes
• Governments tend to blame others for their own
  deficiencies and wrong doings to keep their own
  standing
• Ex Communist Russia vs. Trotskyism
• Ex U.S.A. vs. Communism
• By shifting the blame it is easy to manipulate
• Orwells idea Tyranny is Cyclical
• More Power More Corrupt Become what is was
  in 1st place
• Pigs evolve into grotesque human beings-increased
  resemblance of humans

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Chapter 7 (Summary)

• Harsh winter w/ food shortage (p85) Animals are
  misled
• Humans dont believe Snowball ruined wall-rebuilt
  at 3 thick
• Egg shortage- increased export/morally wrong
• Hens rebel and 9 die
• Snowballs supposed visits to farm- Everything
  blamed on him
• Tied to Pinchfield (associate of Mr. Jones p
  89)
• Battle of Cowshed bravery taken away and used
  against him p90
• Napoleons battle bravery is hyped up
• Squealers persuasion makes them believe p90
• Napoleon stages a purge and takes more power
• Pigs are forced to falsely confess to conspiracy
  w/ Snowball
• They are said to be Trotskyists and immediately
  killed p91/92
• Boxer stands up for the animals-Napoleon
  immediately stops Boxer
• Egg rebellion confession- 3 more hens killed

34
Chapter 7 (Summary Cont.)

• Boxers explanation of problem at hand p94
• The fault is our own WORK HARDER
• Clover wonders how farm could have gotten like it
  is
• Animals not smart enough to figure it out
• Squealer No more beasts of England
• Song only applies to the rebellion-no need for
  rebellion now
• New song with no inspiration
• Animal Farm. . .- Glorifies the situation

35
Chapter 7 (Analysis)

• Stalins 5 year plan for agriculture resulted in
  starvation of millions
• Industrial production was also down
• Violent tactics of oppressive governments
• Massive class divisions in egalitarian/true
  communist society
• Stalin also had show trials (trials w/ preset
  outcome)
• Forced people to admit Trotskyism
• People tortured until admission then executed
• Stalin kept a common enemy- Trotsky
• Create fear for people-no one challenged his rule
• Manipulated statistics- illusion that all is
  good/better
• Fear installed b/c people believe propaganda
• An indestructible dictatorship formed-far from
  communism

36
Chapter 8 (Summary)

• No kill commandment is changed to . . . w/out
  cause
• Animals work harder to rebuild windmill
• Very cold winter with famine
• Napoleon takes title of Leader
• Minimus writes a poem on barn praising Napoleon
• Controversy between Frederick and Pilkington w/
  firewood
• Windmill is finished-Mr. F. and men blow it up
• Several animals are killed/Boxer is injured
• Pigs get drunk
• Squealer caught w/ paint brush (changing
  commandments)
• Animals not smart enough to figure it out
• Alcohol Commandment Changed to . . . In excess

37
Chapter 8 (Analysis)

• Overall idea of manipulated rules and govt. to
  benefit the politically and militaristic powers
• Minimuss Poem great irony/satire of patriotic
  rhetoric
• Creates a misdirection (propaganda) for the
  public
• Pilkington vs. Frederick Incident
• Russia/Stalins back and forth nature of siding
  with Germany and then the Allies at the outset of
  WWII
• _at_ last moment, Stalin signs a non-aggression pact
  with Hitler
• Hitler (Frederick) betrays his word and invades
  Western Russia killing 25 million Russians and
  destroying much of the infrastructure built up
  during the Russian Revolution
• This is known as the Battle of Stalingrad
• Movie Enemy at the Gate

38
Chapter 9 (Summary)

• Start to rebuild the Windmill
• Boxer grows weak
• Food Shortage Evident (but not for Pigs and Dogs)
• They say its still better than Mr. Joness era
• Napoleon has 31 piglets w/ 4 sows-builds a
  schoolhouse
• Spontaneous demonstrations promoting animal farm
• Animal farm declared a Republic- Napoleon named
  Pres.
• Snowball has rumored to say Long live humanity
  during the battle of cowshed
• Sugar Candy Mountain stories started again by
  Moses
• Boxer fails and collapses
• Arranged for ambulance (Glue Factory)
• Boxer announced as incurable and had died (False
  info)

39
Chapter 9 (Analysis)

• Blatant downfall of Animal Farm/Russia
• Boxers death is ironic
• He worked for the good of all, but is sold for
  the good of a few
• Boxer is sold for alcohol
• His death breaks a lot of commandments
• Death in a Glue Factory increases the dramatic
  power of Orwells words
• Russian administration exhausted its worker
  resources and then discarded them
• Return of Moses means shift of focus of working
  class
• Stalin brought back the Russian Orthodox Church
  after WWII
• Spontaneous Demonstrations Ironic b/c they
  werent spontaneous, they were all planned out
  for propaganda

40
Chapter 10 (Summary)

• Many years have now passed (Dead Muriel,
  Pincher, Bluebell, Jessie, Mr. Jones, . . .)
• Windmill is now used for corn more
• Pigs and dogs are still in luxury
• Other animals still accept the goals of the
  original Rebellion
• This is a world free of humans with equality for
  animals
• Squealer is now walking on his hind legs only
• Sheep adopt the maxim 4 legs good, 2 legs
  better
• Only 1 commandment is left!
• All animals are equal, but some are more equal
  than others
• Napoleon smokes pipe, others read, use
  radio/phone, wear clothes
• Napoleon and Pilkington toast each other- No more
  Comrade
• Name changed back to Manor Farm
• Card Game-Ace of Spades played at the same time
  (Nap/Pilk)
• No longer distinguish the card players from the
  humans/pigs

41
Chapter 10 (Analysis)

• Totalitarian Communism (controlled by the
  state/dictator)
• No socialism or utopia at all
• Napoleon B. (France) used to be thought of as
  great during his conquest until he crowned
  himself emperor of France
• Instead of abolishing aristocracy, he formed it
  around himself
• Hope is help until the end-provides dramatic
  contrast
• Original ideas by Major/Marx Dream/Philosophy
• Very shocking language- evolution of events
• Cooperation of Russia and the West during WWII is
  evident
• Quarrel over what both desire but cant have is
  evident
• WORLD DOMINATION
• Banquet shows coop w/ Eng./U.S.A./Russia during
  WWII
• Stalin dies in 1953