The Skeletal System

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The Skeletal System

• Parts of the skeletal system
• Divided into two divisions
• Axial skeleton
• Appendicular skeleton

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Functions of the Skeletal System

• Hematopoiesis

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Skeletal Tissue

• Osseous tissue
• Two types

Figure 5.2b
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Classification of Bones

• 1. Long bones
• Ex.
• 2. Short Bones
• Ex.
• 3. Flat Bones
• Ex.
• 4. Irregular Bones
• Ex.

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Classification of Bones on the Basis of Shape
Figure 5.1
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Gross Anatomy of a Long Bone

• Diaphysis
• Epiphysis

Figure 5.2a
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Structures of a Long Bone

• Periosteum
• Sharpeys fibers
• Arteries

Figure 5.2c
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Structures of a Long Bone

• Articular cartilage
• (Articular relates to the joints)

Figure 5.2a
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Structures of a Long Bone

• Medullary cavity
• Infants vs Adults

Figure 5.2a
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Quick Write

• Draw and label bone
• 1. Diaphysis
• 2. Epiphysis
• 3. Periosteum (what do I do??)
• 4. Sharpeys fibers (what do I do??)
• 5. Articular Cartilage (what do I do??)

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LETS DO THE CHICKEN DANCE!!!!!!
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Microscopic Anatomy of Bone

• Osteon (Haversian System)
• Central (Haversian) canal
• Volkmanns (perforating) canal

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Microscopic Anatomy of Bone

• Lacuna
• Canaliculus
• Lamella

Detail of Figure 5.3
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Quick Write

• Give the steps for an osteocyte to receive
  nutrients?
• 1. Blood 3. 5.
• 2. Enters. 4. 6. 7. Osteocyte

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Types of Bone Cells

• Osteocytes
• Osteoblasts
• Osteoclasts
• remake entire skeleton about every 10 years
  10/year

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Changes in the Human Skeleton

• Ossification
• Cartilage remains in isolated areas
• (hyaline, fibro, elastic, articular)
• Epiphyseal plates vs Epiphyseal lines

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Stages of Bone Growth
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Bone Remodeling

• Video
• Dependent on

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Bone Fractures

• Closed (simple) vs Open (compound)
• Treatment

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Common Types of Fractures (p. 137)
Table 5.2
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Repair of Bone Fractures (diagram)
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surgery
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Broken leg broken arm
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STOP
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Bone Markings

• Bulges, depressions, and holes that serve as
• Sites of attachment for muscles, ligaments, and
  tendons
• Joint surfaces
• Conduits for blood vessels and nerves

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Bone Markings (see table pg 134)

• Categories of bone markings
• A. Projections and processes grow out from the
  bone surface T
• B. Depressions or cavities indentations F

CHICKENS SOON TO COME.
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Bone Markings Projections Sites of Muscle and
Ligament Attachment

• Tuberosity rounded projection
• Crest narrow, prominent ridge of bone
• Trochanter large, blunt,
• irregular surface
• Tubercle small rounded projection
• Epicondyle raised area
• above a condyle
• Spine sharp, slender projection
• Process any bony prominence

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Bone Markings Projections Projections That
Help to Form Joints

• Head bony expansion carried on a narrow neck
• Facet smooth, nearly flat articular surface
• Condyle rounded articular projection
• Ramus armlike bar of bone

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Bone Markings Depressions and Openings

• Meatus canal-like passageway
• Sinus cavity within a bone
• Fossa shallow, basin-like depression
• Foramen round or oval opening through a bone